ABSTRACT Mental disorder is now one of the main problems of the modern world. Although it is commonly elusive, misunderstood and even stigmatized in the social and legal context. In the Indian context the matter of mental health is closely linked to law, justice and human rights especially with respect to accused or those undergoing …
CONFINEMENT OR CARE? POST–ACQUITTED OFFENDERS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS Read More »
Abstract The Uttarkashi floods, exemplified by the devastation of Dharali village near Gangotri, highlight the growing vulnerability of Himalayan ecosystems to both natural forces and human-induced pressures. While intense monsoon rainfall triggered the disaster, its magnitude was amplified by unregulated construction on riverbeds, large-scale deforestation, and poorly planned infrastructure projects within the Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone …
Abstract The Uttarkashi floods, exemplified by the devastation of Dharali village near Gangotri, highlight the growing vulnerability of Himalayan ecosystems to both natural forces and human-induced pressures. While intense monsoon rainfall triggered the disaster, its magnitude was amplified by unregulated construction on riverbeds, large-scale deforestation, and poorly planned infrastructure projects within the Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone …
The case arose from one of the most contentious disputes in independent India, concerning ownership of a 2.77-acre parcel of land in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh. Hindus considered it the birthplace (janmasthan) of Lord Ram, while Muslims considered it the site of the Babri Masjid, constructed in 1528 by Mir Baqi, a general of the Mughal …
Case Comment: M. Siddiq (Dead) Through LRs v. Mahant Suresh Das & Ors. (2019) Read More »
Shivansh Sharma Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University, Visakhapatnam A Research Paper Submitted for the Virtual Internship Program The Amikus Qriae September 2025 Date of Submission: 25th September 2025 ABSTRACT The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into international arbitration represents a pivotal shift that promises to revolutionize dispute resolution. This paper examines the dual impact of …
Shivansh Sharma Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University, Visakhapatnam A Case Comment Submitted for the Virtual Internship Program The Amikus Qriae September 2025 Date of Submission: 2nd October 2025 FACTS The central legal question in this case concerned the State of Punjab’s power to create sub-classifications within the Scheduled Castes (SCs) for the purpose of reservation …
State of Punjab v. Davinder Singh, (2025) 1 SCC 1 Read More »
Facts of the Case On 29 July 2016, KaushalKishor [1]His family was traveling from Noida to Shahjahanpur, Uttar Pradesh, to attend a relative’s funeral. On National Highway-91, armed assailants intercepted their vehicle, looted cash and jewelry, and gang-raped the petitioner’s wife and minor daughter. The next day, an FIR was lodged with the U.P. Police …
Case Commentary: KaushalKishor v. State of Uttar Pradesh (2023) Read More »
Abstract: SC’s landmark ruling in the case State of Tamil Nadu Vs. The Governor of Tamil Nadu opens a can of worms. The Apex Court unanimously held that the Tamil Nadu Governor’s withholding of 10 State Legislative Bills was ‘illegal’ and ‘erroneous’. In doing so, the Bench used its special discretionary power under Article 142[1] …
Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Induced New Legal and Governance Dilemma: Deepfake Something Very Near to Most Propelling Change: Deepfake Audio, Deepfake Video, or Image Created by Artificial Intelligence, Which Are Almost Perfectly Believable but Are Actually Generated. Well-intentioned as they often were, the applications beneficially used in filmmaking, education, and digital art creation have been misused …
TITLE: DEEPFAKES AND THE INDIAN LEGAL FRAMEWORK: A CALL FOR SPECIFIC LEGISLATION Read More »
OM PRAKASH @ ISRAEL @ RAJU @ RAJU DAS …APPELLANT(S) VERSUS UNION OF INDIA & ANR. …RESPONDENT(S) CITATION 2025 INSC 43 BENCH Justice M.M. Sundresh Justice Aravind Kumar JUDGEMENT January 8, 2025 COUNSEL FOR THE APPELLANT Dr. S. Muralidhar, Senior Advocate COUNSELS FOR THE RESPONDENTS Mr. K.M. Nataraj, Additional Solicitor General (ASG) …
CASE COMMENT OM PRAKASH @ ISRAEL @ RAJU VERSUS UNION OF INDIA & ANR. Read More »
Abstract The question of validating same – sex marriage in India reached its climax in Supriyo @ Supriyo Chakraborty v. Union of India (2023). A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India gave a split verdict. All the judges agreed the LGBTQIA+ persons have dignity, equality, and freedom of choice, but the court …
Abstract This article examines the fast-paced convergence of AI and biometric technology in the international fashion retail industry with emphasis on these revolutionary effects on consumer personalization and data gathering. It highlights important legal challenges emerging from sensitive biometric data use, such as privacy threats, consent issues, and algorithmic discrimination. The research performs a comparative …
The Hindustan National Glass and Industries Ltd. (HNGIL) a dominant company with over 60% in the market share with multiple manufacturing plants across India catering to Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, F&B, and alco-beverages. A Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) was initiated against HNGIL by the DBS Bank as per Section 7 of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC),2016. …
INDEPENDENT SUGAR CORPORATION LIMITED vs GIRISH SRIRAM JUNEJA Read More »
On 9 August 2024, a postgraduate trainee doctor was found dead in a seminar room at R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. Medical examination confirmed sexual assault followed by homicide. Police arrested Sanjay Roy, a former civic police volunteer, soon after the incident. The arrest was based on circumstantial links, DNA reports, and his …
CITATION: 2025 INSC 48, CRIMINAL APPEAL NI. 1927 OF 2025 BENCH: Justice J.B.Pardiwala and R.Mahadevan DATE OF JUDGEMENT: 15th April,2025 INTRODUCTION The case Pinki vs State of Uttar Pradesh and another has delivered a landmark ruling and has redefined the legal treatment of child trafficking. The landmark case revolves around the exposure of a major …
CASE TITLE: Pinki vs State Of Uttar Pradesh and Anr. (2025) Read More »
Abstract On 20 August 2025, Union Home Minister Amit Shah introduced three bills in the Lok Sabha—the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025; the Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2025; and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2025—creating a legal architecture to remove the Prime Minister, Chief Ministers and other Ministers who are …
Chandrima Mondal.[1] ABSTRACT Animal cruelty is pervasive and prevalent across urban India, particularly where the stray animal population are high and the existence of civic infrastructure is questionable. Legislative measures such as the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 and the Animal Birth Control (Dogs) Rules, 2001, represent significant steps toward safeguarding animal welfare. …
Abstract In Odisha high – profile crimes and self – Immolation cases rates are getting higher, which has generated significant legal and political discourse. This paper examines the complex connection between the cyber harassment, mental health vulnerability and the legal frameworks created with specific purpose to protect the citizens. Despite the existence of cybercrime laws …
Facts The complainant (Ms. A), a lecturer M.Com & B. Ed qualified, on 5th July 2022 went to police station of Bakewar, District Etawah filed an FIR against appellant Rajnish Singh @ Soni. (Case Crime No. 269/2022). [1] Allegations date back to 2006, when appellant sneaked into complainant house at night and forcefully committed sexual …
THE AMIKUS QRIAE INTERNSHIP (AUGUST 2025) TASK -1 DRAFTING OF A LEGAL RESEARCH PAPER ON – “COMMERCIALISATION OF HUMAN BODY AND BODILY MATERIALS IN INDIA-LAW, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY” Submitted by- Jyothika Suresh 5th Semester,3-year LLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai ABSTRACT The human body has long been seen as sacred and untouchable, but advances …
COMMERCIALISATION OF HUMAN BODY AND BODILY MATERIALS IN INDIA-LAW, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY Read More »
FACTS The case involves a tragic incident in Punjab related to abetment to suicide. On 13th March 2016, an acid attack occurred against Dharminder Singh, leading to multiple offences being registered under the Indian Penal Code. Varinder Singh, Respondent No. 2, was not mentioned in the initial FIR. On 10th May 2016, Dharminder and his …
Harjinder Singh v. State of Punjab (2025) – Section 319 CrPC and Abetment to Suicide Read More »
Sukdeb Saha v. State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. is one of the latest landmark judgement by the Supreme Court of India with a divisional bench consisting of Justice Sandeep Mehta and Justice Vikram Nath, passed on July 23, 2025. Facts Issues raised The following issues of primary importance were raised in this case: Contention …
The Supreme Court of India, in exercise of its constitutional powers under Article 32, heard a series of petitions regarding arbitrary demolitions of properties,without trial or due process, against persons only accused of a crime and not convicted, which were popularly perceived as an extra-legal means of punishment, a practice which was commonly referred to …
Citation: Rajnesh v. Neha & Anr., (2021) 2 SCC 324¹, Bench: Justice Indu malhotra and Justice R.Subhash Reddy , Date of Judgment: November 4, 2020 Facts This matrimonial dispute emerged when Rajnesh challenged the maintenance order passed in favor of his estranged wife Neha and their minor child. The couple’s marriage in 2013 gradually deteriorated, …
BY: ANIRUDH GUPTA ABSTRACT The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is changing many industries. However, this progress has brought new challenges for criminal law. As AI systems perform increasingly complex tasks on their own, there have been incidents where AI involvement leads to harm, property loss, or violations of rights. These situations create …
Criminal Liability of AI Developers for AI-Generated Crimes Read More »
ABSTRACT In the modern digital age, an individual’s life is intricately intertwined with technology. Beyond physical possessions, people now accumulate significant digital assets, including social media accounts, email accounts, cloud storage, cryptocurrency wallets, digital photographs, online subscriptions, and intellectual property. The concept of digital afterlife examines what happens to these assets after a person’s death …
Abstract Witchcraft, in the larger context, refers to the practice of magic- skills, spells, and abilities believed to influence people or events through supernatural means. Societies, since long, have viewed witchcraft as an extreme of two ends: either harmful sorcery (black magic) or a spiritual practice that could be used for healing, protection, or punishment. These …
ABSTRACT: India with its diverse population and large geographic expanse result in an exceptionally high volume of litigation at all judicial levels. Millions of new cases are filed nationwide each year, and thousands of cases are scheduled for hearing in District Courts, High Courts, and the Supreme Court every day. The judicial system is under …
Psychology Contribute to Gender Bias Against Women ABSTRACT This essay examines the key question: how far do Indian court judges’ stereotypes and interpretative traditions generate an ‘illusion of justice’ for women, even in the face of progressive law? Despite the apparently strong framework for women’s rights under India’s constitutional protections under Articles 14, 15, and …
The Illusion of Justice: Examining How Criminal Law and Read More »
Abstract Stray dogs have become a major concern in India. Media reports of dog attacks and even deaths have fuelled a heated public debate. This issue has sparked intense discussions among government officials and animal welfare activists, who have different ideas on how to solve the problem. This paper explores the complex legal and ethical …
AUTHORED BY:- NIYATI PATEL ABSTRACT Corporate administer is a broad term in business environment. It is one of the best systems by which corporate organizations are directed and managed. Corporate governance is an outline for coordinating with an organization in moral structure, with which it can be responsible for investors, workers and the board. This …
Abstract The landmark judgment in Kaushal Kishor v. State of Uttar Pradesh (2023) marked a paradigm shift in Indian constitutional jurisprudence by establishing the horizontal application of fundamental rights under Articles 19 and 21. This research examines the implications of this judicial development for private digital platforms and social media companies operating in India. The …
HORIZONTAL FREE SPEECH: CAN ARTICLE 19 BIND PRIVATE PLATFORMS AFTER KAUSHAL KISHOR? Read More »
Abstract With the coming of a new era, the deficiency of a domestic sports arbitration body in India has created a lot of challenges for athletes to receive justice impartially and affect their mental health. Presently, the cases are being resolved by the civil courts, Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) abroad. The lack of …
LACK OF SPORTS ARBITRATION BODY IN INDIA: IMPACT ON ATHLETE MENTAL HEALTH AND JUSTICE Read More »
Facts: Parliament passed the 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, in January of the following year. The Indian Constitution was amended to include Articles 15(6) and 16(6), allowing the State the authority to set aside up to 10% of government employment and educational seats for the “economically weaker sections” (EWS) of society. Crucially, the amendment stated …
Case Analysis: Janhit Abhiyan v Union of India (2022) Read More »
1. FACTS The instant case arises from allegations of large-scale fraud in the procurement of cotton under the Minimum Support Price (MSP) scheme operated by the Cotton Corporation of India (CCI), a government-owned entity. The MSP system is designed to ensure farmers a minimum price for their produce, protecting them from market fluctuations. However, the …
STATE v. ELURI SRINIVASA CHAKRAVARTHI (2025) – CASE COMMENT Read More »
Citation and Case Number: Supreme Court citation: 2025 INSC 481 Writ Petition (Civil): W.P. (C) No. 1239 of 2023 FACTS Between 2020 and 2023, the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly passed twelve important laws on topics like running state universities and local government. These laws were sent to the Governor for approval, as required by Article …
CASE COMMENT: State of Tamil Nadu v. Governor of Tamil Nadu, (2025) Read More »
___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract This research paper aims to evaluate the progressing legal and socio-political implications of the recently launched ‘Special Scheme for Grant of Arms Licenses to Original Inhabitants and Indigenous Indian Citizens in Vulnerable and Remote Areas of Assam’ with the rationale that possession of firearms would enable “indigenous citizens” to protect themselves from “demographic …
Abstract Social media has changed how ads work, leading to the rise of influencers. Unlike regular celebrity ads, influencer marketing often mixes personal opinions with paid promotions, making it hard to tell what is honest and what is an ad. This can cause problems like false claims, hidden sponsorships, and loss of trust, especially for …
Social Media and Influencer Marketing: A Consumer Protection Perspective Read More »
Abstract The goal of advanced system of contract law is promoting good faith and fair haggling in signing and performing of contracts. A fundamental legal theory that has been around for a while is the doctrine of good faith. The paper then prospect within the frame of Indian Contract Act, the principle of good faith and fair dealing, studying its legislative baselines, judicial interpretations and useful operations for contract drafting and negotiation. It would also clarify the importance of such a doctrine in the field of law. Argumentation in this paper is involved in …
The Role of Good Faith and Fair Dealing in Contract Law Read More »
ABSTRACT In 2025, India’s sports law underwent an unprecedented transformation, marking a shift from fragmented legal frameworks towards an integrated, rights-based, and technology-driven regulatory order. Landmark enactments such as the National Sports Governance Act, 2025, the National Anti-Doping (Amendment) Bill, 2025, and the draft National Code Against Age Fraud in Sports (NCAAFS), 2025 collectively laid …
Abstract The foundation of a fair and civilized society is human rights. It defends people’s freedom and self-respect from oppression and tyranny. The protection of human rights was significantly helped by the Indian judiciary. This paper explores the evolving landscape of human rights. It examines how constitutional courts in India have played a crucial role …
Abstract The rapid growth of digital communication technologies has transformed the way people access and share information. While this has created unprecedented opportunities for connectivity and knowledge exchange, it has also provided fertile ground for the spread of misinformation and fake news. In India, a constitutional democracy that protects freedom of speech under Article 19(1)(a) …
ABSTRACT In Jamnagar, Gujarat, the Greens Zoological Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre—better known as Vantara—has been promoted as a rescue and care facility operating on a scale rarely seen anywhere. Official figures claim more than 150,000 animals representing over 2,000 species, supported by on-site elephant hospitals, hydrotherapy pools, and veterinary suites fitted with MRI and CT …
Abstract: This paper explores the paradox of secularism in India by looking at how the law treats Muslim Waqf institutions and Hindu temples. The Constitution promises equal respect for all religions, but in reality, the rules that govern different faiths are far from equal. Waqf properties, managed through independent boards, enjoy a level of autonomy, …
CASE COMMENT: STATE OF TAMIL NADU V. GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU (2025) _______________________________________________________________________________ IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 1239 OF 2023 STATE OF TAMIL NADU …………………….……………………………………………….Petitioners VERSUS GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU ……………………………………………………………….Respondents I. Facts The case of State of Tamil Nadu …
STATE OF TAMIL NADU V. GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU (2025) Read More »
INTRODUCTION Sexual Assault against children represent some of the gravest violations of human life and dignity. To address such heinous crimes, The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POSCO) was enacted as a special legislation which is a gender-neutral law that defines “Child” as anyone who is under the age of 18, and …
JAI PRAKASH V. STATE OF UTTARAKHAND, 2025 INSC 861 Read More »
FACTS The case of Vanashakti v. Union of India & Ors. (2025) marks a significant development in Indian environmental jurisprudence. The petitioner, Vanashakti, a Mumbai-based environmental non-governmental organization, approached the Supreme Court challenging the legality of granting ex post facto environmental clearances (ECs) to industries and projects that had already commenced operations without prior approval. …
VANASHAKTI v. UNION OF INDIA & ORS. (2025) – NO MORE EX FACTO ECS Read More »
FACTS A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India was constituted to resolve stark inconsistencies regarding the scope and duration of anticipatory bail under Section 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC). In India, anticipatory bail is a mechanism to shield individuals who apprehend arrest for a non-bailable offence, protecting personal liberty …
Case Comment: Sushila Aggarwal V. State (NCT Of Delhi) (2020) Read More »
Sukhdeb Saha V. State Of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. 2025 INSC 893(25 July 2025) Mental Health as a Fundamental Right Under Article 21 BENCH: Vikram Nath & Sandeep Mehta, JJ. INTRODUCTION CASE SUMMARY FACTS OF THE CASE JULY 2024 → PETITION BY FATHER →ANDHRA PRADESH HIGH COURT PROCEEDINGS → SUPREME COURT PROCEEDINGS 2025 → FINAL …
CASE COMMENT Sukhdeb Saha V. State Of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. Read More »
from the Indus Waters Treaty for Cross-Border Dispute Resolution in India ABSTRACT This study investigates arbitration as a method for resolving transboundary disputes, focusing on reconciling commercial interests with national sovereignty. Through an analysis of the Indus Waters Treaty (1960) between India and Pakistan, the research illustrates how a hybrid dispute resolution approach—encompassing negotiation, neutral …
Arbitration at the Crossroads of Commerce and Sovereignty: Lessons Read More »
ABSTRACT This paper examines the constitutional and statutory dimensions of internet censorship in India, focusing on the jurisprudence surrounding the Information Technology Act, 2000 and its associated rules. Through landmark judgments such as Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India, and Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India, Indian …
INTERNET CENSORSHIP & FREE SPEECH VS. GOVERNMENT ORDERS IN INDIA Read More »
Abstract Despite India having numerous laws designed to protect women, violence against them remains a widespread and persistent issue that affects both urban and rural areas. The problem is not just legal, it is deeply social, cultural, and systemic. This research paper explores how criminal behavior targeting women intersects with the legal mechanisms meant to …
An Intersection of Law and Crime: Analyzing Violence Against Women in India Read More »
ABSTRACT Since the development of communal relationship among mankind and the invention of division of labor, the segregation of society into labor and owners, has been a topic of continuous alteration and reconstruction. But since the boom of the industrial revolution, the hierarchy became the foundation of modern society, and built the civilization brick by …
Abstract The Indian judiciary has steadily transformed the meaning of Article 21 of the Constitution — the right to life and personal liberty — to include environmental protection and health safeguards. Landmark judgments, from Subhash Kumar to the recent MK Ranjitsinh (Great Indian Bustard case), affirm that urban pollution and climate change are not just …
Abstract Special Intensive Revision (SIR) is an essential method for updating electoral records and guaranteeing democratic inclusivity, especially in Bihar. But others who are less fortunate- like women, minorities, migrant workers, and economically disadvantaged groups- frequently encounter disproportionate legal and administrative barriers while trying to obtain its benefits the difficulties include systematic exclusion from the …
TITLE- SIR AND UNDERPRIVILEGED GROUPS: LEGAL OBSTACLES AND SOLUTIONS Read More »
2025-2026 ANIMAL RIGHTS Vs PUBLIC SAFETY: “Legal Challenges of Stray Dogs Management in India” [A legal and Policy Analysis of the Supreme Court Case In Re: City Hounded By Strays, Kids Pay Price (2025)] ABSTRACT:- A major question has been surrounded around the Indian Judicial System of balancing the public safety, animal rights and urban …
(AUGUST-2025) TASK -2 CASE COMMENT X v. Principal Secretary, Health and Family Welfare Department, Govt. of NCT of Delhi (2022) INTRODUCTION:The question of abortion has consistently sparked debate worldwide, involving a delicate balance between a woman’s right to make decisions about her body and broader social, medical, and legal considerations. In India, the Medical Termination …
Vihaan Kumar …Appellant Versus State of Haryana and Anr …
Vihaan Kumar v State of Haryana & Anr. (7 Febraury, 2025) Read More »
JANHIT ABHIYAN VS UNION OF INDIA (The EWS Reservation) BY- Swyam Srivastava, 3RD SEMESTER BBS INSTITUTE OF LAW , PROF. RAJENDRA SINGH (RAJJU BHAIYA) UNIVERSITY, PRAYAGRAJ. INDEX INTRODUCTION The case Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India 2022 is a landmark judgement of Supreme Court on November 7, 2022, concerning about the validity of the 103rd …
TASK – 1 DRAFTING OF A LEGAL RESEARCH PAPER ON – “CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND EMERGING TRENDS ON THE RIGHT TO WATER” Submitted by- Alka Johny Semester V, 3-Year LLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND EMERGING TRENDS ON THE RIGHT TO WATER ABSTRACT This research paper looks at how the right to …
Knit Pro International v. State (NCT of Delhi) & Anr. (2022) CASE DETAILS Court: Supreme Court of India Date of Judgment: May 20, 2022 Bench: Justice M.R. Shah and Justice B.V. Nagarathna Case Citation: Criminal Appeal No. 807 of 2022 Parties Appellant: M/s Knit Pro International (also referred to as Saloni Singh as per the …
CASE COMMENTARY Knit Pro International v. State (NCT of Delhi) & Anr. (2022) Read More »
Abstract India’s booming expansion in internet and technology has fundamentally transformed how people connect, interact and share ideas. But this has also intensified and made the spread of hate speech and crimes against vulnerable groups easier. This paper examines how the algorithmic amplification of a specific type of content on social media platforms such as …
ALGORITHMIC AMPLIFICATION OF HATE SPEECH AND COMMUNAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA Read More »
ABSTRACT While our nation celebrates the freedom gained through long struggle and sacrifices of its leaders, some individuals continue to struggle for their basic human rights and fundamental rights. This research paper provides a critical analysis of the Unlawful activities (Prevention) act (UAPA), arguing that while it is essential for the national security its implementation …
Abstract This article examines the fast-paced convergence of AI and biometric technology in the international fashion retail industry with emphasis on these revolutionary effects on consumer personalization and data gathering. It highlights important legal challenges emerging from sensitive biometric data use, such as privacy threats, consent issues, and algorithmic discrimination. The research performs a comparative …