Court: The Supreme Court of India Citation: Suo Motu Writ Petition (Criminal) No.2 of 2025 Bench: Division Bench led by Chief Justice B.R. Gavai and Justices K.V. Chandran and N.V. Anjaria. Date of Judgment: October 31st, 2025 Introduction: This case comment examines the Supreme Court’s judgment in Suo Motu Writ Petition (Criminal) No. 2 of …
EMPLOYEES FROM AFTER-HOURS WORK DEMANDS ABSTRACT The nature of work has shifted considerably over the past two decades. With smartphones, laptops and constant messaging, the divide that once separated office hours from personal time has all but disappeared. It has become routine for employees to answer work messages well into the night, take calls over …
RIGHT TO DISCONNECT: EMERGING LEGISLATION PROTECTING Read More »
ABSTRACT The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016, came into existence to help put together the insolvency life cycle in India, which was highly fragmented and came up with a time-bound system that was creditor-friendly and is expected to facilitate value maximization and better credit discipline. The paper critically assesses the structural, economic and jurisprudential implications …
INSOLVENCY AND BANKRUPTCY CODE: IMPACT AND ANALYSIS Read More »
ABSTRACT The use of Artificial Intelligence technologies is increasing in businesses and law. This has created challenges. One big question is whether contracts made, negotiated or carried out with AI are legally valid in India. The Indian Contract Act of 1872 is the law for contracts in India. It was made at a time when …
AI-GENERATED CONTRACTS — VALIDITY, CONSENT, AND LIABILITY IN INDIAN LAW Read More »
ABSTRACT The Article below is research on the contrast of the emergence, scope and use of the concept of judicial review in the United States of America, France and India. The judicial review is a critical factor in democratic government. The individuality of a judicial system to decide whether the activities of the legislative and …
A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF WORKING OF LAW RELATING TO CORPORATE FRAUD IN INDIA Read More »
ABSTRACT The swift development of artificial intelligence (AI) has greatly amplified the dependence on itemized information on scale data training and optimization, which is often obtained across various jurisdictions by automated data gathering. The practice presents intricate legal issues that touch on the intersection of the law of data protection, cross-border data governance, and intellectual …
Abstract: We are living in the era of dynamic development of Artificial Intelligence (AI). Our lifestyle is changing significantly because of it. A coin has two sides, just like that AI also has positive and negative impacts. Due to development of AI cybercrimes is also rising significantly, out of which deepfakes is one. Deepfakes have …
1. ABSTRACT The “Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016” (IBC), has emerged as a radical change in field of law in India’s business entities restructuring. In the origin of a sequence they are issued as debt instruments but must later be converted into equity shares. In the ongoing circumstances the CCDs are considered ambiguous instruments playing …
1. ABSTRACT The “Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016” (IBC), has emerged as a radical change in field of law in India’s business entities restructuring. In the origin of a sequence they are issued as debt instruments but must later be converted into equity shares. In the ongoing circumstances the CCDs are considered ambiguous instruments playing …
Abstract The Article below is research on the contrast of the emergence, scope and use of the concept of judicial review in the United States of America, France and India. The judicial review is a critical factor in democratic government. The individuality of a judicial system to decide whether the activities of the legislative and …
Abstract The threat of cyber terrorism against public organizations displays a diverse range of threats through data theft and infrastructure ruin alongside service disruption attacks, malicious software lockups and digital deceitful dissemination operations and information theft operations. The main targets of cyber terrorist attacks include government departments, military institutions, law enforcement agencies, healthcare services, educational …
Abstract Digital platforms have witnessed unprecedented transformation over the years and now become a necessity for people to interact and share information. Gone are the days of simply connecting over the phone; they are now connected through various social media sites, forums on the internet, blogs, and instant messaging services. This connectivity has the advantage …
Cyber Harassment and Defamation Against Women: Legal Challenges Read More »
Prabhanshu Kushwah, Student of LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior. Abstract The expansion of India’s internet, digital platforms and Internet of Things (IOT) has contributed to a significant increase in online scams and cyber frauds. As more and more people are using online financial and communication tools, and online shopping, fraudsters are …
Radhika Bohare, Student of LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Dr. Arun Sharma, Associate Professor, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Abstract The acceleration of the digital technologies has promoted the issue of the data privacy and safety to a high level, especially among the IT corporations that handle great …
Khushi Jain, Student of LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Arun Sharma, Associate Professor, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Abstract: – Digital technology and the internet have revolutionized the creation, sharing and access to IP in today’s society. Each of these advances has occurred in a period when the …
AI IN IP INFRINGMENT DETECTION & PREVENTION: LEGAL & ETHICAL PERSPECTIVE Read More »
ABSTRACTRecognizing privacy as a fundamental right in K.S. Puttaswamy, the Supreme Court, the DPDP Act aims to be the primary regulation governing digital personal data in India. Union of India (published in 2017). This work is a constitutional analysis of the DPDP Act, an overview of the evolution of privacy law in India, an explanation …
THE DIGITAL PERSONAL DATA PROTECTION ACT, 2023: A CONSTITUTIONAL AND REGULATORY ANALYSIS Read More »
Aakansha Sharma, Student of LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Arun Sharma, Associate Professor, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, Abstract: – International arbitration is one of the preferred methods of dispute resolution in today’s international economy in resolving cross-border commercial disputes. International trade, investment and business transactions have progressed …
_____________________________________________________________ Abstract In the wake of the advent of artificial intelligence, this paper analyzes the legal terrain of intellectual property in India. In India, generally, a registered inventor or author can only be a natural person. However, with the increasing autonomy of AI, ownership and patentability issues arise. Artificial Intelligence (AI) has transitioned from a …
Somya Rajawat, Student of LLM, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh,, Gwalior, somyarajawat30@gmail.com Hemant Singh, Associate Professor, Amity Law School, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, hemantsingh.nlu@gmail.com, https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1258-5187 Abstract This paper discusses the question of cartelization in the Competition Act, 2002, and the role and powers of Competition Commission of India (CCI). The purpose of …
ABSTRACT: The swift digitalization of the marine sector has exposed it to previously unheard-of cyberthreats that jeopardize the security, safety, and functionality of ports and ships. Cyber events have the power to halt international trade, from ransomware assaults and GPS spoofing to the interruption of port logistics. The international legal system is still undeveloped and …
A Critical Examination of the Legal Framework and Protective Institutions in India I. INTRODUCTION The custodial environment represents one of the most critical tests of a democratic state’s fidelity to its own foundational values. When the state deprives an individual of liberty through arrest, remand, or a sentence of imprisonment, it assumes a relationship of …
HUMAN RIGHTS IN CUSTODY: INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR OVERSIGHT Read More »
ABSTRACT: The primary objective of ‘Law’ is to maintain Peace, harmony, and social order. The ancient Greek philosopher, also known as the first Academician, Aristotle wisely stated, “Man, when perfected, is the best of animals.” He also noted that, humans could become the worst of creatures without law and justice. When combined with intelligence and …
Roza KhanMaster’s in Law, Amity University, Gwalior, Madhya PradeshDr. Vartika Saxena Assistant Professor (Department of Law), Amity University, Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh ABSTRACT- Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) processes, especially hybrid methods, are becoming increasingly popular because of the growing complexity of commercial disputes and the need for efficient resolution. Among these hybrid methods, …
Abstract Historically, the Mitakshara school of Hindu law recognised only male lineal descendants as coparceners, not including daughters from claiming an independent birth right in ancestral property. The Hindu Succession Act, 1956, initially preserved this patriarchal framework. However, the Hindu Succession (Amendment) Act, 2005, changed this gender inequality by amending Section 6 of Hindu …
ABSTRACT Conflict-related sexual violence (CRSV) remains one of the most pervasive and devastating consequences of armed conflicts worldwide. It encompasses acts such as rape, sexual slavery, forced pregnancy, and other forms of sexualized abuse deliberately used as tools of war. While international and domestic legal frameworks have made progress in recognizing CRSV as a war …
1. ABSTRACT The convergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning, particularly Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) has ushered in a new and complex era of digital threats, with deepfakes emerging as a particularly potent and legally challenging weapon. Deepfakes, which are altered fake contents made by mixing, superimposing, replacing, and merging several photos, videos, or …
Abstract The Indian legal system has mainly neglected to acknowledge the copyright rights of authors who are detained, despite the fact that intellectual creativity does not recognise the bounds of a prison cell. This study examines the protection provided by the Copyright Act of 1957 and related legal documents for literary and artistic works created …
ABSTRACT: The swift digitalization of the marine sector has exposed it to previously unheard-of cyberthreats that jeopardize the security, safety, and functionality of ports and ships. Cyber events have the power to halt international trade, from ransomware assaults and GPS spoofing to the interruption of port logistics. The international legal system is still undeveloped and …
A Critical Examination of the Legal Framework and Protective Institutions in India I. INTRODUCTION The custodial environment represents one of the most critical tests of a democratic state’s fidelity to its own foundational values. When the state deprives an individual of liberty through arrest, remand, or a sentence of imprisonment, it assumes a relationship of …
HUMAN RIGHTS IN CUSTODY: INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR OVERSIGHT Read More »
ABSTRACT: The primary objective of ‘Law’ is to maintain Peace, harmony, and social order. The ancient Greek philosopher, also known as the first Academician, Aristotle wisely stated, “Man, when perfected, is the best of animals.” He also noted that, humans could become the worst of creatures without law and justice. When combined with intelligence and …
ABSTRACT This paper examines the phenomenon of false confessions during juvenile interrogations and highlights the critical role that forensic psychology plays in understanding and preventing such miscarriages of justice. Juveniles—due to their psychological immaturity and underdeveloped prefrontal cortex—are particularly susceptible to coercive interrogation tactics and psychological pressure. By analyzing real-life cases such as those …
False Confession in Juvenile Interrogation: Role of Forensic Psychology Read More »
Abstract In the present paper, the effectiveness of India’s CSR framework as stipulated under section 135 of the Companies Act of 2013 is evaluated and analysed to see if it amounts to mandatory philanthropy or a means of strategic business. Starting with an overview of the evolution of the CSR concept in India, the paper …
Corporate Social Responsibility Regulation: A Comparative Study with Reference to India Read More »
ABSTRACT The Supreme Court of India’s suo moto intervention concerning stray dogs in Delhi, NCR, and other urban centers has triggered one of the most debated issues in animal law, public health, and urban governance. Initiated following the tragic death of a six-year-old girl from rabies,[1] The Court initially ordered the removal of all stray …
PAWS-ITIVELY PROGRESSIVE: THE STRAY DOGS NOW OFFICIALLY INDIA’S MOST PAMPERED CITIZENS.. Read More »
ANALYSIS OF THE DRAFT EIA NOTIFICATION 2020 Abstract: This paper discusses the recently proposed Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) draft notification issued by the Government of India during the COVID-19 pandemic. Climate change as a challenge presents a responsibility issue to countries, which means they should not only say but prove that climate change mitigation is …
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) IN INDIA: A CRITICAL Read More »
ABSTRACT Judicial delays constitute the crisis of India’s judiciary; its roots can be traced to the constitutional ideals of justice. Over 5.49 crores litigations clog the Indian courts infringing the right to speedy justice under Article 21 and further dividing the society, expanding public scepticism in the judiciary. For this doctrinal thesis, secondary data has …
Judicial Delays and Case Management in India: Why Procedural Reforms Have Failed Read More »
____________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Emergency Arbitration (EA) has been a central tool of international commercial dispute resolution as a means to provide urgent interim relief prior to constitution of the arbitral tribunal. Institutional rules of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre (SIAC), International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), and London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) contain express recognition of …
ABSTRACT Prisoner rehabilitation is foundational to modern penology, premised on the belief that incarceration should not only punish but prepare offenders for reintegration into society. In India, constitutional values of human dignity and transformation underpin rehabilitative justice, yet the lived reality of prisoners reflects a system fraught with challenges — overcrowding, inadequate post-release support, stigma, …
(POCSO) Act, 2012 ABSTRACT Child sexual abuse is a grave concern and the most unnreported forms of violence in India. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act is a legislative framework that tries to protect children from abuse. It is fair to both boys and girls that comes under the purview of a child[1]. …
The Efficacy of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Read More »
Among the co-sureties in a Contract, the doctrine of contribution stands as a unique departure from the strict rules of Privity of Contracts. Instead, firmly anchoring itself in the principles of equity and natural justice. Section 146 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, aptly serves as the statutory embodiment codifying this very principle, holding that …
ABSTRACT The increasing use of algorithmic and artificial intelligence based systems in governance, welfare distribution, employment, finance, and law enforcement has transformed decision-making processes in India. While these technologies are often promoted as efficient, neutral, and objective, they frequently replicate and intensify existing social inequalities embedded within historical data and institutional practices. This phenomenon, commonly …
ABSTRACT The tension between patent protection and public health remains central to global health governance. While pharmaceutical patents incentivize innovation, they often create monopolies that restrict access to essential medicines, particularly in developing countries. This research adopts a doctrinal and comparative legal approach to examine how international frameworks, national laws, and judicial decisions reconcile intellectual …
Abstract The global fashion industry today draws inspiration from traditional ethnic motifs, indigenous craftmanship thereby blurring the boundary between cultural heritage and commercial haute couture. Though this creative exchange brings worldwide visibility to the handcrafted designs, many times it also leads to widespread cultural misappropriation, commercial plagiarism and economic exploitation of artisans. This paper examines …
abstract The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has precipitated a fundamental challenge to traditional patent law frameworks, particularly regarding the inventor requirement. This research article examines the legal status of AI-generated inventions under Indian patent law, focusing on whether AI systems can be recognized as inventors under the Patents Act, 1970. Through doctrinal analysis and …
Abstract India’s tort law system is heavily influenced by the concepts of strict and absolute liability, especially when it comes to consumer safety and industrial operations. Strict responsibility, which dates back to the English decision Rylands v. Fletcher (1868), makes people or organizations liable for harm brought on by risky conduct regardless of fault. Nonetheless, …
Abstract India is home to around 2.82 crores orphaned children which is one of the largest numbers of vulnerable children needing protection in the world. Despite broad constitutional protection and a plethora of Children’s statutes, children continue to face abuses, neglect and denial of fundamental rights. This article will focus on the challenges with the …
SILENCE IN LAW: PROTECTION OF ORPHANS’ RIGHTS IN INDIA – A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS Read More »
Abstract Reverse mergers have become a noteworthy instrument in corporate restructuring, offering an alternative route to public listing that bypasses the conventional initial public offering (IPO) process. In a reverse merger, a private operating company merges into or takes control of an already-listed public shell company, allowing the private concern to acquire a public listing …
REVERSE MERGERS: A LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND CASE STUDIES Read More »
ABSTRACT Social media is an indispensable part of modern life, particularly for minors, who utilize these platforms for self-expression, education, and social interaction. However, the risks posed by unregulated access, including cyberbullying, data exploitation, online grooming, and exposure to harmful content, have led governments to explore regulatory measures such as social media bans for minors. …
CHILD PROTECTION VS. DIGITAL FREEDOM: A LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA BANS FOR MINORS Read More »
Abstract Reverse mergers have become a noteworthy instrument in corporate restructuring, offering an alternative route to public listing that bypasses the conventional initial public offering (IPO) process. In a reverse merger, a private operating company merges into or takes control of an already-listed public shell company, allowing the private concern to acquire a public listing …
REVERSE MERGERS: A LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND CASE STUDIES Read More »
Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like ChatGPT, MidJourney, and DALL•E have changed how we think about creativity and copyright. According to the Indian Copyright Act of 1957, only humans can be seen as authors, leaving works created by AI in a confusing legal situation. Around the world, people are discussing whether copyright should belong …
The Ghost in the Machine: Copyright Ownership of AI-Generated Works Read More »
ABSTRACT The rapid growth of online gaming in India has generated significant economic opportunities and social concerns. In 2023–2025, the policy debate crystallized around whether real-money online games (RMGs) should be regulated, taxed, or prohibited entirely. In 2025 the Union legislative response culminated in the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025, which seeks …
Abstract: Property law in India, and throughout the world, continues to be one of the most confusing arenas of legal practice, with the largest number of pending cases. Adverse possession is one such doctrine, and it remains a highly debated and controversial aspect of property law. Adverse Possession allows individuals to acquire legal ownership of …
Adverse Possession: Evolution and the ethical conflict between ownership and possession. Read More »
ABSTRACT Mental disorder is now one of the main problems of the modern world. Although it is commonly elusive, misunderstood and even stigmatized in the social and legal context. In the Indian context the matter of mental health is closely linked to law, justice and human rights especially with respect to accused or those undergoing …
CONFINEMENT OR CARE? POST–ACQUITTED OFFENDERS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS Read More »
Abstract The Uttarkashi floods, exemplified by the devastation of Dharali village near Gangotri, highlight the growing vulnerability of Himalayan ecosystems to both natural forces and human-induced pressures. While intense monsoon rainfall triggered the disaster, its magnitude was amplified by unregulated construction on riverbeds, large-scale deforestation, and poorly planned infrastructure projects within the Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone …
Abstract The Uttarkashi floods, exemplified by the devastation of Dharali village near Gangotri, highlight the growing vulnerability of Himalayan ecosystems to both natural forces and human-induced pressures. While intense monsoon rainfall triggered the disaster, its magnitude was amplified by unregulated construction on riverbeds, large-scale deforestation, and poorly planned infrastructure projects within the Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone …
Shivansh Sharma Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University, Visakhapatnam A Research Paper Submitted for the Virtual Internship Program The Amikus Qriae September 2025 Date of Submission: 25th September 2025 ABSTRACT The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into international arbitration represents a pivotal shift that promises to revolutionize dispute resolution. This paper examines the dual impact of …
Abstract: SC’s landmark ruling in the case State of Tamil Nadu Vs. The Governor of Tamil Nadu opens a can of worms. The Apex Court unanimously held that the Tamil Nadu Governor’s withholding of 10 State Legislative Bills was ‘illegal’ and ‘erroneous’. In doing so, the Bench used its special discretionary power under Article 142[1] …
Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Induced New Legal and Governance Dilemma: Deepfake Something Very Near to Most Propelling Change: Deepfake Audio, Deepfake Video, or Image Created by Artificial Intelligence, Which Are Almost Perfectly Believable but Are Actually Generated. Well-intentioned as they often were, the applications beneficially used in filmmaking, education, and digital art creation have been misused …
TITLE: DEEPFAKES AND THE INDIAN LEGAL FRAMEWORK: A CALL FOR SPECIFIC LEGISLATION Read More »
Abstract The question of validating same – sex marriage in India reached its climax in Supriyo @ Supriyo Chakraborty v. Union of India (2023). A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India gave a split verdict. All the judges agreed the LGBTQIA+ persons have dignity, equality, and freedom of choice, but the court …
Abstract This article examines the fast-paced convergence of AI and biometric technology in the international fashion retail industry with emphasis on these revolutionary effects on consumer personalization and data gathering. It highlights important legal challenges emerging from sensitive biometric data use, such as privacy threats, consent issues, and algorithmic discrimination. The research performs a comparative …
On 9 August 2024, a postgraduate trainee doctor was found dead in a seminar room at R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. Medical examination confirmed sexual assault followed by homicide. Police arrested Sanjay Roy, a former civic police volunteer, soon after the incident. The arrest was based on circumstantial links, DNA reports, and his …
Abstract On 20 August 2025, Union Home Minister Amit Shah introduced three bills in the Lok Sabha—the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025; the Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2025; and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2025—creating a legal architecture to remove the Prime Minister, Chief Ministers and other Ministers who are …
Chandrima Mondal.[1] ABSTRACT Animal cruelty is pervasive and prevalent across urban India, particularly where the stray animal population are high and the existence of civic infrastructure is questionable. Legislative measures such as the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 and the Animal Birth Control (Dogs) Rules, 2001, represent significant steps toward safeguarding animal welfare. …
Abstract In Odisha high – profile crimes and self – Immolation cases rates are getting higher, which has generated significant legal and political discourse. This paper examines the complex connection between the cyber harassment, mental health vulnerability and the legal frameworks created with specific purpose to protect the citizens. Despite the existence of cybercrime laws …
THE AMIKUS QRIAE INTERNSHIP (AUGUST 2025) TASK -1 DRAFTING OF A LEGAL RESEARCH PAPER ON – “COMMERCIALISATION OF HUMAN BODY AND BODILY MATERIALS IN INDIA-LAW, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY” Submitted by- Jyothika Suresh 5th Semester,3-year LLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai ABSTRACT The human body has long been seen as sacred and untouchable, but advances …
COMMERCIALISATION OF HUMAN BODY AND BODILY MATERIALS IN INDIA-LAW, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY Read More »