Facts The complainant (Ms. A), a lecturer M.Com & B. Ed qualified, on 5th July 2022 went to police station of Bakewar, District Etawah filed an FIR against appellant Rajnish Singh @ Soni. (Case Crime No. 269/2022). [1] Allegations date back to 2006, when appellant sneaked into complainant house at night and forcefully committed sexual …
THE AMIKUS QRIAE INTERNSHIP (AUGUST 2025) TASK -1 DRAFTING OF A LEGAL RESEARCH PAPER ON – “COMMERCIALISATION OF HUMAN BODY AND BODILY MATERIALS IN INDIA-LAW, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY” Submitted by- Jyothika Suresh 5th Semester,3-year LLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai ABSTRACT The human body has long been seen as sacred and untouchable, but advances …
COMMERCIALISATION OF HUMAN BODY AND BODILY MATERIALS IN INDIA-LAW, ETHICS, AND SOCIETY Read More »
FACTS The case involves a tragic incident in Punjab related to abetment to suicide. On 13th March 2016, an acid attack occurred against Dharminder Singh, leading to multiple offences being registered under the Indian Penal Code. Varinder Singh, Respondent No. 2, was not mentioned in the initial FIR. On 10th May 2016, Dharminder and his …
Harjinder Singh v. State of Punjab (2025) – Section 319 CrPC and Abetment to Suicide Read More »
Sukdeb Saha v. State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. is one of the latest landmark judgement by the Supreme Court of India with a divisional bench consisting of Justice Sandeep Mehta and Justice Vikram Nath, passed on July 23, 2025. Facts Issues raised The following issues of primary importance were raised in this case: Contention …
The Supreme Court of India, in exercise of its constitutional powers under Article 32, heard a series of petitions regarding arbitrary demolitions of properties,without trial or due process, against persons only accused of a crime and not convicted, which were popularly perceived as an extra-legal means of punishment, a practice which was commonly referred to …
Citation: Rajnesh v. Neha & Anr., (2021) 2 SCC 324¹, Bench: Justice Indu malhotra and Justice R.Subhash Reddy , Date of Judgment: November 4, 2020 Facts This matrimonial dispute emerged when Rajnesh challenged the maintenance order passed in favor of his estranged wife Neha and their minor child. The couple’s marriage in 2013 gradually deteriorated, …
BY: ANIRUDH GUPTA ABSTRACT The rapid growth of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies is changing many industries. However, this progress has brought new challenges for criminal law. As AI systems perform increasingly complex tasks on their own, there have been incidents where AI involvement leads to harm, property loss, or violations of rights. These situations create …
Criminal Liability of AI Developers for AI-Generated Crimes Read More »
ABSTRACT In the modern digital age, an individual’s life is intricately intertwined with technology. Beyond physical possessions, people now accumulate significant digital assets, including social media accounts, email accounts, cloud storage, cryptocurrency wallets, digital photographs, online subscriptions, and intellectual property. The concept of digital afterlife examines what happens to these assets after a person’s death …
Abstract Witchcraft, in the larger context, refers to the practice of magic- skills, spells, and abilities believed to influence people or events through supernatural means. Societies, since long, have viewed witchcraft as an extreme of two ends: either harmful sorcery (black magic) or a spiritual practice that could be used for healing, protection, or punishment. These …
ABSTRACT: India with its diverse population and large geographic expanse result in an exceptionally high volume of litigation at all judicial levels. Millions of new cases are filed nationwide each year, and thousands of cases are scheduled for hearing in District Courts, High Courts, and the Supreme Court every day. The judicial system is under …
Psychology Contribute to Gender Bias Against Women ABSTRACT This essay examines the key question: how far do Indian court judges’ stereotypes and interpretative traditions generate an ‘illusion of justice’ for women, even in the face of progressive law? Despite the apparently strong framework for women’s rights under India’s constitutional protections under Articles 14, 15, and …
The Illusion of Justice: Examining How Criminal Law and Read More »
Abstract Stray dogs have become a major concern in India. Media reports of dog attacks and even deaths have fuelled a heated public debate. This issue has sparked intense discussions among government officials and animal welfare activists, who have different ideas on how to solve the problem. This paper explores the complex legal and ethical …
AUTHORED BY:- NIYATI PATEL ABSTRACT Corporate administer is a broad term in business environment. It is one of the best systems by which corporate organizations are directed and managed. Corporate governance is an outline for coordinating with an organization in moral structure, with which it can be responsible for investors, workers and the board. This …
Abstract The landmark judgment in Kaushal Kishor v. State of Uttar Pradesh (2023) marked a paradigm shift in Indian constitutional jurisprudence by establishing the horizontal application of fundamental rights under Articles 19 and 21. This research examines the implications of this judicial development for private digital platforms and social media companies operating in India. The …
HORIZONTAL FREE SPEECH: CAN ARTICLE 19 BIND PRIVATE PLATFORMS AFTER KAUSHAL KISHOR? Read More »
Abstract With the coming of a new era, the deficiency of a domestic sports arbitration body in India has created a lot of challenges for athletes to receive justice impartially and affect their mental health. Presently, the cases are being resolved by the civil courts, Court of Arbitration for Sport (CAS) abroad. The lack of …
LACK OF SPORTS ARBITRATION BODY IN INDIA: IMPACT ON ATHLETE MENTAL HEALTH AND JUSTICE Read More »
Facts: Parliament passed the 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019, in January of the following year. The Indian Constitution was amended to include Articles 15(6) and 16(6), allowing the State the authority to set aside up to 10% of government employment and educational seats for the “economically weaker sections” (EWS) of society. Crucially, the amendment stated …
Case Analysis: Janhit Abhiyan v Union of India (2022) Read More »
1. FACTS The instant case arises from allegations of large-scale fraud in the procurement of cotton under the Minimum Support Price (MSP) scheme operated by the Cotton Corporation of India (CCI), a government-owned entity. The MSP system is designed to ensure farmers a minimum price for their produce, protecting them from market fluctuations. However, the …
STATE v. ELURI SRINIVASA CHAKRAVARTHI (2025) – CASE COMMENT Read More »
Citation and Case Number: Supreme Court citation: 2025 INSC 481 Writ Petition (Civil): W.P. (C) No. 1239 of 2023 FACTS Between 2020 and 2023, the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly passed twelve important laws on topics like running state universities and local government. These laws were sent to the Governor for approval, as required by Article …
CASE COMMENT: State of Tamil Nadu v. Governor of Tamil Nadu, (2025) Read More »
___________________________________________________________________________ Abstract This research paper aims to evaluate the progressing legal and socio-political implications of the recently launched ‘Special Scheme for Grant of Arms Licenses to Original Inhabitants and Indigenous Indian Citizens in Vulnerable and Remote Areas of Assam’ with the rationale that possession of firearms would enable “indigenous citizens” to protect themselves from “demographic …
Abstract Social media has changed how ads work, leading to the rise of influencers. Unlike regular celebrity ads, influencer marketing often mixes personal opinions with paid promotions, making it hard to tell what is honest and what is an ad. This can cause problems like false claims, hidden sponsorships, and loss of trust, especially for …
Social Media and Influencer Marketing: A Consumer Protection Perspective Read More »
Abstract The goal of advanced system of contract law is promoting good faith and fair haggling in signing and performing of contracts. A fundamental legal theory that has been around for a while is the doctrine of good faith. The paper then prospect within the frame of Indian Contract Act, the principle of good faith and fair dealing, studying its legislative baselines, judicial interpretations and useful operations for contract drafting and negotiation. It would also clarify the importance of such a doctrine in the field of law. Argumentation in this paper is involved in …
The Role of Good Faith and Fair Dealing in Contract Law Read More »
ABSTRACT In 2025, India’s sports law underwent an unprecedented transformation, marking a shift from fragmented legal frameworks towards an integrated, rights-based, and technology-driven regulatory order. Landmark enactments such as the National Sports Governance Act, 2025, the National Anti-Doping (Amendment) Bill, 2025, and the draft National Code Against Age Fraud in Sports (NCAAFS), 2025 collectively laid …
Abstract The foundation of a fair and civilized society is human rights. It defends people’s freedom and self-respect from oppression and tyranny. The protection of human rights was significantly helped by the Indian judiciary. This paper explores the evolving landscape of human rights. It examines how constitutional courts in India have played a crucial role …
Abstract The rapid growth of digital communication technologies has transformed the way people access and share information. While this has created unprecedented opportunities for connectivity and knowledge exchange, it has also provided fertile ground for the spread of misinformation and fake news. In India, a constitutional democracy that protects freedom of speech under Article 19(1)(a) …
ABSTRACT In Jamnagar, Gujarat, the Greens Zoological Rescue and Rehabilitation Centre—better known as Vantara—has been promoted as a rescue and care facility operating on a scale rarely seen anywhere. Official figures claim more than 150,000 animals representing over 2,000 species, supported by on-site elephant hospitals, hydrotherapy pools, and veterinary suites fitted with MRI and CT …
Abstract: This paper explores the paradox of secularism in India by looking at how the law treats Muslim Waqf institutions and Hindu temples. The Constitution promises equal respect for all religions, but in reality, the rules that govern different faiths are far from equal. Waqf properties, managed through independent boards, enjoy a level of autonomy, …
CASE COMMENT: STATE OF TAMIL NADU V. GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU (2025) _______________________________________________________________________________ IN THE SUPREME COURT OF INDIA CIVIL ORIGINAL JURISDICTION WRIT PETITION (CIVIL) NO. 1239 OF 2023 STATE OF TAMIL NADU …………………….……………………………………………….Petitioners VERSUS GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU ……………………………………………………………….Respondents I. Facts The case of State of Tamil Nadu …
STATE OF TAMIL NADU V. GOVERNOR OF TAMIL NADU (2025) Read More »
INTRODUCTION Sexual Assault against children represent some of the gravest violations of human life and dignity. To address such heinous crimes, The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act, 2012 (POSCO) was enacted as a special legislation which is a gender-neutral law that defines “Child” as anyone who is under the age of 18, and …
JAI PRAKASH V. STATE OF UTTARAKHAND, 2025 INSC 861 Read More »
FACTS The case of Vanashakti v. Union of India & Ors. (2025) marks a significant development in Indian environmental jurisprudence. The petitioner, Vanashakti, a Mumbai-based environmental non-governmental organization, approached the Supreme Court challenging the legality of granting ex post facto environmental clearances (ECs) to industries and projects that had already commenced operations without prior approval. …
VANASHAKTI v. UNION OF INDIA & ORS. (2025) – NO MORE EX FACTO ECS Read More »
FACTS A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India was constituted to resolve stark inconsistencies regarding the scope and duration of anticipatory bail under Section 438 of the Code of Criminal Procedure (CrPC). In India, anticipatory bail is a mechanism to shield individuals who apprehend arrest for a non-bailable offence, protecting personal liberty …
Case Comment: Sushila Aggarwal V. State (NCT Of Delhi) (2020) Read More »
Sukhdeb Saha V. State Of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. 2025 INSC 893(25 July 2025) Mental Health as a Fundamental Right Under Article 21 BENCH: Vikram Nath & Sandeep Mehta, JJ. INTRODUCTION CASE SUMMARY FACTS OF THE CASE JULY 2024 → PETITION BY FATHER →ANDHRA PRADESH HIGH COURT PROCEEDINGS → SUPREME COURT PROCEEDINGS 2025 → FINAL …
CASE COMMENT Sukhdeb Saha V. State Of Andhra Pradesh & Ors. Read More »
from the Indus Waters Treaty for Cross-Border Dispute Resolution in India ABSTRACT This study investigates arbitration as a method for resolving transboundary disputes, focusing on reconciling commercial interests with national sovereignty. Through an analysis of the Indus Waters Treaty (1960) between India and Pakistan, the research illustrates how a hybrid dispute resolution approach—encompassing negotiation, neutral …
Arbitration at the Crossroads of Commerce and Sovereignty: Lessons Read More »
ABSTRACT This paper examines the constitutional and statutory dimensions of internet censorship in India, focusing on the jurisprudence surrounding the Information Technology Act, 2000 and its associated rules. Through landmark judgments such as Shreya Singhal v. Union of India, Justice K.S. Puttaswamy (Retd.) v. Union of India, and Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India, Indian …
INTERNET CENSORSHIP & FREE SPEECH VS. GOVERNMENT ORDERS IN INDIA Read More »
Abstract Despite India having numerous laws designed to protect women, violence against them remains a widespread and persistent issue that affects both urban and rural areas. The problem is not just legal, it is deeply social, cultural, and systemic. This research paper explores how criminal behavior targeting women intersects with the legal mechanisms meant to …
An Intersection of Law and Crime: Analyzing Violence Against Women in India Read More »
ABSTRACT Since the development of communal relationship among mankind and the invention of division of labor, the segregation of society into labor and owners, has been a topic of continuous alteration and reconstruction. But since the boom of the industrial revolution, the hierarchy became the foundation of modern society, and built the civilization brick by …
Abstract The Indian judiciary has steadily transformed the meaning of Article 21 of the Constitution — the right to life and personal liberty — to include environmental protection and health safeguards. Landmark judgments, from Subhash Kumar to the recent MK Ranjitsinh (Great Indian Bustard case), affirm that urban pollution and climate change are not just …
Abstract Special Intensive Revision (SIR) is an essential method for updating electoral records and guaranteeing democratic inclusivity, especially in Bihar. But others who are less fortunate- like women, minorities, migrant workers, and economically disadvantaged groups- frequently encounter disproportionate legal and administrative barriers while trying to obtain its benefits the difficulties include systematic exclusion from the …
TITLE- SIR AND UNDERPRIVILEGED GROUPS: LEGAL OBSTACLES AND SOLUTIONS Read More »
2025-2026 ANIMAL RIGHTS Vs PUBLIC SAFETY: “Legal Challenges of Stray Dogs Management in India” [A legal and Policy Analysis of the Supreme Court Case In Re: City Hounded By Strays, Kids Pay Price (2025)] ABSTRACT:- A major question has been surrounded around the Indian Judicial System of balancing the public safety, animal rights and urban …
(AUGUST-2025) TASK -2 CASE COMMENT X v. Principal Secretary, Health and Family Welfare Department, Govt. of NCT of Delhi (2022) INTRODUCTION:The question of abortion has consistently sparked debate worldwide, involving a delicate balance between a woman’s right to make decisions about her body and broader social, medical, and legal considerations. In India, the Medical Termination …
Vihaan Kumar …Appellant Versus State of Haryana and Anr …
Vihaan Kumar v State of Haryana & Anr. (7 Febraury, 2025) Read More »
JANHIT ABHIYAN VS UNION OF INDIA (The EWS Reservation) BY- Swyam Srivastava, 3RD SEMESTER BBS INSTITUTE OF LAW , PROF. RAJENDRA SINGH (RAJJU BHAIYA) UNIVERSITY, PRAYAGRAJ. INDEX INTRODUCTION The case Janhit Abhiyan v. Union of India 2022 is a landmark judgement of Supreme Court on November 7, 2022, concerning about the validity of the 103rd …
TASK – 1 DRAFTING OF A LEGAL RESEARCH PAPER ON – “CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND EMERGING TRENDS ON THE RIGHT TO WATER” Submitted by- Alka Johny Semester V, 3-Year LLB, Thakur Ramnarayan College of Law, Mumbai CONSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK AND EMERGING TRENDS ON THE RIGHT TO WATER ABSTRACT This research paper looks at how the right to …
Knit Pro International v. State (NCT of Delhi) & Anr. (2022) CASE DETAILS Court: Supreme Court of India Date of Judgment: May 20, 2022 Bench: Justice M.R. Shah and Justice B.V. Nagarathna Case Citation: Criminal Appeal No. 807 of 2022 Parties Appellant: M/s Knit Pro International (also referred to as Saloni Singh as per the …
CASE COMMENTARY Knit Pro International v. State (NCT of Delhi) & Anr. (2022) Read More »
Abstract India’s booming expansion in internet and technology has fundamentally transformed how people connect, interact and share ideas. But this has also intensified and made the spread of hate speech and crimes against vulnerable groups easier. This paper examines how the algorithmic amplification of a specific type of content on social media platforms such as …
ALGORITHMIC AMPLIFICATION OF HATE SPEECH AND COMMUNAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA Read More »
ABSTRACT While our nation celebrates the freedom gained through long struggle and sacrifices of its leaders, some individuals continue to struggle for their basic human rights and fundamental rights. This research paper provides a critical analysis of the Unlawful activities (Prevention) act (UAPA), arguing that while it is essential for the national security its implementation …
Abstract This article examines the fast-paced convergence of AI and biometric technology in the international fashion retail industry with emphasis on these revolutionary effects on consumer personalization and data gathering. It highlights important legal challenges emerging from sensitive biometric data use, such as privacy threats, consent issues, and algorithmic discrimination. The research performs a comparative …
The Hindustan National Glass and Industries Ltd. (HNGIL) a dominant company with over 60% in the market share with multiple manufacturing plants across India catering to Pharmaceuticals, Cosmetics, F&B, and alco-beverages. A Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP) was initiated against HNGIL by the DBS Bank as per Section 7 of Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC),2016. …
INDEPENDENT SUGAR CORPORATION LIMITED vs GIRISH SRIRAM JUNEJA Read More »
Title: Supreme Court Directive on Stray Dog Relocation: A Comprehensive Analysis of Public Safety and Animal Welfare Considerations Nainika Shivaram Abstract: This is an extended research article that takes multiple dimensions to analyze the landmark directive on the Supreme Court of India ordering movement of stray dogs into shelters. In order to examine the nexus …
Title: Gayatri Balasamy v. ISG Novasoft Technologies Ltd., 2025 Nainika Shivaram Case Overview This decision is a landmark judgment of the Supreme Court of India which determines important issues on court interference with arbitral awards in pursuant to the provisions of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996. The case forms an important growth point in …
Task 2 : Case Comment Gayatri Balasamy v. ISG Novasoft Technologies Ltd., 2025 Read More »
FACTS The case of All India Judges Association v. Union of India (2025) is the latest chapter in a judicial saga that has been unfolding since 1989. The All India Judges Association (AIJA), representing the subordinate judiciary, initially moved the Supreme Court by filing a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution, seeking comprehensive …
All India Judges Association v. Union of India (2025)1: A Case Commentary Read More »
ABSTRACT The premonitory governance of the Supreme Court of India under Article 143 of the Constitution is a unique constitutional medium that allows the President to seek the court’s opinion on questions of law or fact of public significance. While the framers intended this provision to grease coordination between the superintendent and the bar in complex indigenous matters, the binding nature of similar premonitory opinions has remained contested. …
AMLESH KUMAR V. STATE OF BIHAR DATE OF JUDGEMENT: 9 JUNE 2025 Criminal Appeal (SLP (Crl.) No. 5392/2024). APPELLANT: AMLESH KUMAR RESPONDENT: STATE OF BIHAR BENCH: JUSTICE SANJAY KAROL AND JUSTICE PB VARALE FACT The appellant, Amlesh Kumar, was named in an FIR registered on 24 August 2022 at Mahua Police Station, Vaishali District. The …
U. SUDHEERA & OTHERS V. C. YASHODA & OTHERS 2025 INSC 80 NAME OF THE CASE: U. Sudheera & others V. C. Yashoda & others CITATION: 2025 INSC 80 COURT: SUPREME COURT OF INDIA BENCH: Justice J.B. Pardiwala and Justice R. Mahadevan. “No interim relief in a second appeal can be granted unless the High …
CASE COMMENT U. Sudheera & others V. C. Yashoda & others Read More »
Abstract Folklore and traditional cultural expressions (TCEs) represent the heritage of communities, which reflects their identity, history and creativity. In the digital age, these expressions face risks of misappropriation and commercialization due to the ease of reproduction, dissemination and adaptation. Although intellectual property (IP) regimes such as copyright, designs and geographical indications provide some kind …
Abstract The concept of a hostile witness is one of the most debated doctrines in Indian evidence law, now codified under Section 157 of the Bharatiya Sakshaya Adhiniyam, 2023. A witness, often regarded as the eyes and ears of the court, is expected to provide reliable testimony that aids in the discovery of truth. However, …
Sukdeb Saha v. State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors., Writ Petition (Civil) No. 657 of 2024, Supreme Court of India (2025) FACTS The present writ petition was filed by the petitioner, Sukdeb Saha, under this provision of the Constitution of India owing to the surging rate of student suicides in the country and the inadequacy …
Abstract Indian cinema is the epitome of expression; it’s not just movies and songs but a vast variety of art forms. The art is as diverse as the country, with the passage of time and trends, there have been significant changes and adoption of regulations as to what is “suitable” for the audience to watch …
FILM CENSORSHIP AND GENDER STEREOTYPING: A CONSTITUTIONAL DILEMMA IN INDIA Read More »
The fast development of artificial intelligence (AI) poses new questions in intellectual property law, which is especially problematic concerning inventorship by humans rather than machines and whether AI creations could ever be considered patentable inventions. Traditional patent regimes expect inventorship from a human person, which raises questions about whether autonomous inventions created by machines can …
PATENTABILITY OF AI-GENERATED INVENTIONS AND OWNERSHIP OF MACHINE-CREATED WORKS Read More »
TABLE OF CONTENTS Sr. No. INDEX Page No. 1. ABSTRACT 1-1 2. INTRODUCTION 1-2 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2-3 3. REVIEW OF LITERATURE 3-3 3. ARREST UNDER INDIAN LAW 4-7 4. LAW COMMISSION REPORT AND JUDICIAL PRECEDENTS 7-9 5. RECOMMENDATIONS 9-11 6. CONCLUSION 12-12 This paper is a critical evaluation of the practice of using powers …
ABSTRACT The growing privatization of the activities carried out in the outer space has required the establishment of integrated legal and policy frameworks around the world. India, despite its spectacular successes in the field in the form of the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), has fallen behind in the development of a sound statutory framework …
Why Supreme Court reject the plea for the application of PoSH in Political Parties? ABSTRACT: We often talk about a gender-neutral world, where everyone can participate freely without fear. Yet, when it comes to Politics, women are still vulnerable to various threats like that as sexual harassment. Despite the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace …
ABSTRACT Gig workers are someone who make money by doing short term , flexible jobs generally through digital platforms like Uber, Swiggy, Zomato without having a proper employer – employee relationship. There has been significant increase in gig workers throughout various countries worldwide. By offering a flexible on demand employment through digital platform, the gig …
Introduction: The R.G. Kar Medical College rape and murder case of August 2024 shook India’s conscience. Crimes against women have long been a pressing social issue, but this case was distinct in its brutality and context. It occurred not in an unsafe street, but inside the walls of a reputed government hospital, a space associated …
Case commentary R.G. Kar Medical College Rape and Murder Case Read More »
Ms. Bhoomika Mishra ** Abstract: Custodial violence and human rights violations against tribal communities in India represent a grave challenge to the nation’s constitutional commitment to equality, dignity, and justice. Despite legal safeguards such as the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 and constitutional provisions under Articles 15, 17, and 21, …
CUSTODIAL VIOLENCE AND HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS OF TRIBAL PEOPLE IN INDIA Read More »