Publications

Abstract The Indian legal system has mainly neglected to acknowledge the copyright rights of authors who are detained, despite the fact that intellectual creativity does not recognise the bounds of a prison cell. This study examines the protection provided by the Copyright Act of 1957 and related legal documents for literary and artistic works created …

Copyright protection of literary and artistic works created by prison inmates: Legal challenges and Policy Gaps in India Read More »

ABSTRACT: The swift digitalization of the marine sector has exposed it to previously unheard-of cyberthreats that jeopardize the security, safety, and functionality of ports and ships. Cyber events have the power to halt international trade, from ransomware assaults and GPS spoofing to the interruption of port logistics. The international legal system is still undeveloped and …

Cybersecurity lapses in Maritime region Read More »

A Critical Examination of the Legal Framework and Protective Institutions in India I. INTRODUCTION The custodial environment represents one of the most critical tests of a democratic state’s fidelity to its own foundational values. When the state deprives an individual of liberty through arrest, remand, or a sentence of imprisonment, it assumes a relationship of …

HUMAN RIGHTS IN CUSTODY: INSTITUTIONAL MECHANISMS FOR OVERSIGHT Read More »

ABSTRACT: The primary objective of ‘Law’ is to maintain Peace, harmony, and social order. The ancient Greek philosopher, also known as the first Academician, Aristotle wisely stated, “Man, when perfected, is the best of animals.” He also noted that, humans could become the worst of creatures without law and justice. When combined with intelligence and …

A Critical Appraisal of Section 111 of Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 in the Context of Digital Lawlessness and Global Organized Crime. Read More »

ABSTRACT            This paper examines the phenomenon of false confessions during juvenile interrogations and highlights the critical role that forensic psychology plays in understanding and preventing such miscarriages of justice. Juveniles—due to their psychological immaturity and underdeveloped prefrontal cortex—are particularly susceptible to coercive interrogation tactics and psychological pressure. By analyzing real-life cases such as those …

False Confession in Juvenile Interrogation: Role of Forensic Psychology                Read More »

Abstract In the present paper, the effectiveness of India’s CSR framework as stipulated under section 135 of the Companies Act of 2013 is evaluated and analysed to see if it amounts to mandatory philanthropy or a means of strategic business. Starting with an overview of the evolution of the CSR concept in India, the paper …

Corporate Social Responsibility Regulation: A Comparative Study with Reference to India Read More »

ABSTRACT The Supreme Court of India’s suo moto intervention concerning stray dogs in Delhi, NCR, and other urban centers has triggered one of the most debated issues in animal law, public health, and urban governance. Initiated following the tragic death of a six-year-old girl from rabies,[1] The Court initially ordered the removal of all stray …

PAWS-ITIVELY PROGRESSIVE: THE STRAY DOGS NOW OFFICIALLY INDIA’S MOST PAMPERED CITIZENS.. Read More »

 ANALYSIS OF THE DRAFT EIA NOTIFICATION 2020  Abstract:  This  paper  discusses  the  recently  proposed  Environmental  Impact  Assessment  (EIA)  draft  notification  issued  by  the  Government  of  India  during  the  COVID-19  pandemic.  Climate  change  as  a  challenge  presents  a  responsibility  issue  to  countries,  which  means  they  should  not  only  say  but  prove  that  climate  change  mitigation  is  …

 ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) IN INDIA: A CRITICAL Read More »

ABSTRACT Judicial delays constitute the crisis of India’s judiciary; its roots can be traced to the constitutional ideals of justice. Over 5.49 crores litigations clog the Indian courts infringing the right to speedy justice under Article 21 and further dividing the society, expanding public scepticism in the judiciary. For this doctrinal thesis, secondary data has …

Judicial Delays and Case Management in India: Why Procedural Reforms Have Failed Read More »

____________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Emergency Arbitration (EA) has been a central tool of international commercial dispute resolution as a means to provide urgent interim relief prior to constitution of the arbitral tribunal. Institutional rules of the Singapore International Arbitration Centre (SIAC), International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), and London Court of International Arbitration (LCIA) contain express recognition of …

Emergency Arbitration in India: Lessons from the Amazon–Future Retail Dispute and the Path Towards Institutional Credibility Read More »

ABSTRACT Prisoner rehabilitation is foundational to modern penology, premised on the belief that incarceration should not only punish but prepare offenders for reintegration into society. In India, constitutional values of human dignity and transformation underpin rehabilitative justice, yet the lived reality of prisoners reflects a system fraught with challenges — overcrowding, inadequate post-release support, stigma, …

“Prisoner Rehabilitation as a Human Right: Assessing Legal Frameworks and Practical Outcomes in India” Read More »

 (POCSO) Act, 2012 ABSTRACT Child sexual abuse is a grave concern and the most unnreported forms of violence in India. The Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Act is a legislative framework that tries to protect children from abuse. It is fair to both boys and girls that comes under the purview of a child[1]. …

The Efficacy of the Protection of Children from Sexual Offences Read More »

Among the co-sureties in a Contract, the doctrine of contribution stands as a unique departure from the strict rules of Privity of Contracts. Instead, firmly anchoring itself in the principles of equity and natural justice. Section 146 of the Indian Contract Act, 1872, aptly serves as the statutory embodiment codifying this very principle, holding that …

Privity vs. Equity: Evaluating Section 146 of the Indian Contract Act in the Absence of Mutual Consent Between Sureties. Read More »

ABSTRACT The increasing use of algorithmic and artificial intelligence based systems in governance, welfare distribution, employment, finance, and law enforcement has transformed decision-making processes in India. While these technologies are often promoted as efficient, neutral, and objective, they frequently replicate and intensify existing social inequalities embedded within historical data and institutional practices. This phenomenon, commonly …

Algorithmic Bias and Discrimination in Automated Decision-Making: Examining Legal Remedies in India Read More »

ABSTRACT The tension between patent protection and public health remains central to global health governance. While pharmaceutical patents incentivize innovation, they often create monopolies that restrict access to essential medicines, particularly in developing countries. This research adopts a doctrinal and comparative legal approach to examine how international frameworks, national laws, and judicial decisions reconcile intellectual …

BALANCING PATENT PROTECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH IN ACCESS TO ESSENTIAL MEDICINES A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Read More »

Abstract The global fashion industry today draws inspiration from traditional ethnic motifs, indigenous craftmanship thereby blurring the boundary between cultural heritage and commercial haute couture. Though this creative exchange brings worldwide visibility to the handcrafted designs, many times it also leads to widespread cultural misappropriation, commercial plagiarism and economic exploitation of artisans. This paper examines …

Safeguarding Heritage in Haute Couture- Need for Statutory Rights Over Traditional Designs. Read More »

abstract The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence has precipitated a fundamental challenge to traditional patent law frameworks, particularly regarding the inventor requirement. This research article examines the legal status of AI-generated inventions under Indian patent law, focusing on whether AI systems can be recognized as inventors under the Patents Act, 1970. Through doctrinal analysis and …

The Legal Status Of AI-Generated Inventions Under Indian Patent Law: Examining the Inventor Requirement Read More »

Abstract India’s tort law system is heavily influenced by the concepts of strict and absolute liability, especially when it comes to consumer safety and industrial operations. Strict responsibility, which dates back to the English decision Rylands v. Fletcher (1868), makes people or organizations liable for harm brought on by risky conduct regardless of fault. Nonetheless, …

Strict Liability vs. Absolute Liability: Implications for Business and Consumer Protection.  Read More »

Abstract India is home to around 2.82 crores orphaned children which is one of the largest numbers of vulnerable children needing protection in the world. Despite broad constitutional protection and a plethora of Children’s statutes, children continue to face abuses, neglect and denial of fundamental rights. This article will focus on the challenges with the …

SILENCE IN LAW: PROTECTION OF ORPHANS’ RIGHTS IN INDIA – A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS Read More »

Abstract Reverse mergers have become a noteworthy instrument in corporate restructuring, offering an alternative route to public listing that bypasses the conventional initial public offering (IPO) process. In a reverse merger, a private operating company merges into or takes control of an already-listed public shell company, allowing the private concern to acquire a public listing …

REVERSE MERGERS: A LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND CASE STUDIES Read More »

ABSTRACT Social media is an indispensable part of modern life, particularly for minors, who utilize these platforms for self-expression, education, and social interaction. However, the risks posed by unregulated access, including cyberbullying, data exploitation, online grooming, and exposure to harmful content, have led governments to explore regulatory measures such as social media bans for minors. …

CHILD PROTECTION VS. DIGITAL FREEDOM: A LEGAL ANALYSIS OF SOCIAL MEDIA BANS FOR MINORS Read More »

Abstract Reverse mergers have become a noteworthy instrument in corporate restructuring, offering an alternative route to public listing that bypasses the conventional initial public offering (IPO) process. In a reverse merger, a private operating company merges into or takes control of an already-listed public shell company, allowing the private concern to acquire a public listing …

REVERSE MERGERS: A LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND CASE STUDIES Read More »

Abstract Generative artificial intelligence (AI) technologies like ChatGPT, MidJourney, and DALL•E have changed how we think about creativity and copyright. According to the Indian Copyright Act of 1957, only humans can be seen as authors, leaving works created by AI in a confusing legal situation. Around the world, people are discussing whether copyright should belong …

The Ghost in the Machine: Copyright Ownership of AI-Generated Works Read More »

ABSTRACT The rapid growth of online gaming in India has generated significant economic opportunities and social concerns. In 2023–2025, the policy debate crystallized around whether real-money online games (RMGs) should be regulated, taxed, or prohibited entirely. In 2025 the Union legislative response culminated in the Promotion and Regulation of Online Gaming Act, 2025, which seeks …

GAME OVER FOR REAL-MONEY PLAY? LEGAL CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN INDIA’S GAMING INDUSTRY Read More »

Abstract: Property law in India, and throughout the world, continues to be one of the most confusing arenas of legal practice, with the largest number of pending cases. Adverse possession is one such doctrine, and it remains a highly debated and controversial aspect of property law. Adverse Possession allows individuals to acquire legal ownership of …

Adverse Possession: Evolution and the ethical conflict between ownership and possession. Read More »

ABSTRACT Mental disorder is now one of the main problems of the modern world. Although it is commonly elusive, misunderstood and even stigmatized in the social and legal context. In the Indian context the matter of mental health is closely linked to law, justice and human rights especially with respect to accused or those undergoing …

CONFINEMENT OR CARE? POST–ACQUITTED OFFENDERS WITH MENTAL ILLNESS Read More »

Abstract The Uttarkashi floods, exemplified by the devastation of Dharali village near Gangotri, highlight the growing vulnerability of Himalayan ecosystems to both natural forces and human-induced pressures. While intense monsoon rainfall triggered the disaster, its magnitude was amplified by unregulated construction on riverbeds, large-scale deforestation, and poorly planned infrastructure projects within the Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone …

Uttarkashi Floods through the lens of Environmental Law: Examining State Responsibility and Legal Gaps Read More »

Abstract The Uttarkashi floods, exemplified by the devastation of Dharali village near Gangotri, highlight the growing vulnerability of Himalayan ecosystems to both natural forces and human-induced pressures. While intense monsoon rainfall triggered the disaster, its magnitude was amplified by unregulated construction on riverbeds, large-scale deforestation, and poorly planned infrastructure projects within the Bhagirathi Eco-Sensitive Zone …

Uttarkashi Floods through the lens of Environmental Law: Examining State Responsibility and Legal Gaps Read More »

Shivansh Sharma Damodaram Sanjivayya National Law University, Visakhapatnam A Research Paper Submitted for the Virtual Internship Program The Amikus Qriae September 2025 Date of Submission: 25th September 2025 ABSTRACT The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into international arbitration represents a pivotal shift that promises to revolutionize dispute resolution. This paper examines the dual impact of …

Artificial Intelligence in International Arbitration: Efficiency tool or threat to due process? Read More »

Abstract: SC’s landmark ruling in the case State of Tamil Nadu Vs. The Governor of Tamil Nadu opens a can of worms. The Apex Court unanimously held that the Tamil Nadu Governor’s withholding of 10 State Legislative Bills was ‘illegal’ and ‘erroneous’. In doing so, the Bench used its special discretionary power under Article 142[1] …

Pocket Veto Declared Illegal: Constitutional Text, Intent and the SC’s use of Article 142 Read More »

Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI)-Induced New Legal and Governance Dilemma: Deepfake Something Very Near to Most Propelling Change: Deepfake Audio, Deepfake Video, or Image Created by Artificial Intelligence, Which Are Almost Perfectly Believable but Are Actually Generated. Well-intentioned as they often were, the applications beneficially used in filmmaking, education, and digital art creation have been misused …

TITLE: DEEPFAKES AND THE INDIAN LEGAL FRAMEWORK: A CALL FOR SPECIFIC LEGISLATION Read More »

Abstract The question of validating same – sex marriage in India reached its climax in Supriyo @ Supriyo Chakraborty v. Union of India (2023). A five-judge Constitution Bench of the Supreme Court of India gave a split verdict. All the judges agreed the LGBTQIA+ persons have dignity, equality, and freedom of choice, but the court …

Legal Recognition of Same-Sex Marriage in India: An Analysis of the 2023 Supreme Court Verdict Read More »

Abstract This article examines the fast-paced convergence of AI and biometric technology in the international fashion retail industry with emphasis on these revolutionary effects on consumer personalization and data gathering. It highlights important legal challenges emerging from sensitive biometric data use, such as privacy threats, consent issues, and algorithmic discrimination. The research performs a comparative …

Legal Challenges and Regulatory Gaps in AI-Driven Personalization and Biometric Data Use in Fashion Retail: An Unexplored Frontier Read More »

On 9 August 2024, a postgraduate trainee doctor was found dead in a seminar room at R.G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata. Medical examination confirmed sexual assault followed by homicide. Police arrested Sanjay Roy, a former civic police volunteer, soon after the incident. The arrest was based on circumstantial links, DNA reports, and his …

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Abstract On 20 August 2025, Union Home Minister Amit Shah introduced three bills in the Lok Sabha—the Constitution (One Hundred and Thirtieth Amendment) Bill, 2025; the Union Territories (Amendment) Bill, 2025; and the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation (Amendment) Bill, 2025—creating a legal architecture to remove the Prime Minister, Chief Ministers and other Ministers who are …

The Constitution (130th Amendment) Bill, 2025 and Companion Amendments:Removal of PM, Chief Ministers and Ministers on Prolonged Custody Read More »

Chandrima Mondal.[1] ABSTRACT Animal cruelty is pervasive and prevalent across urban India, particularly where the stray animal population are high and the existence of civic infrastructure is questionable. Legislative measures such as the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act, 1960 and the Animal Birth Control (Dogs) Rules, 2001, represent significant steps toward safeguarding animal welfare. …

Urban Stray Animal Management: Legal Challenges and the Role of Government Welfare Frameworks. Read More »

Abstract In Odisha high – profile crimes and self – Immolation cases rates are getting higher, which has generated significant legal and political discourse. This paper examines the complex connection between the cyber harassment, mental health vulnerability and the legal frameworks created with specific purpose to protect the citizens. Despite the existence of cybercrime laws …

Rising High – Profile Crimes and Self – Immolation Cases in Odisha: Political Fallout, Institutional Accountability, Legal Gaps in Cyber Harassment and Mental Health Protection Read More »