Research paper

Act ABSTRACT Foreign Exchange Regulations are indispensable for any nation willing to engage in global trade and investment. In the case of India, the Foreign Exchange regulations had been very restrictive till 1999, with the FERA legislation imposing restrictions on every type of foreign exchange circulation in India, to the degree where Foreign Exchange transactions …

A Research on the economic impact of the Foreign Exchange Management       Read More »

O.P JINDAL GLOBAL UNIVERSITY NIDHI TIWARI ABSTRACT  The information technology industry has made drastic developments and advancements in the last two decades. In this digital era, our lives are increasingly conducted online thus allowing us to transform how we crate, store and communicate information. We communicate through emails and social media, store our personal and …

BALANCING RELIABILITY AND RELEVANCE:  EXPLORING ADMISSIBILITY OF ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE IN INDIA Read More »

By: NITANSHA BHATIA (SUSHANT UNIVERSITY, GURUGRAM) TABLE OF CONTENTS TOPIC PAGE NO. Index of Authorities 3 Abstract 4 Keywords 5 IntroductionResearch MethodologyLiterature ReviewChapterization -C1-Chargeability of salaryC2-What is included under salary?C3-PerquisitesC4-Profits in lieu of salaryC5-Deductions from salaryC6- Fringe Benefit Tax(FBT)Conclusion 67891011-1213-15161718-2021 Bibliography 22 ABSTRACT The Income Tax Act categorizes income into five distinct heads, each with …

RESEARCH PAPER COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON INCOME UNDER THE HEAD OF SALARY Read More »

ABSTRACT As the court belongs to the public and is also the Constitution’s protector, the judiciary plays a crucial role in upholding democracy. To protect the rights and freedoms of the people, the court must always enforce the law and fundamental constitutional values. However, there are many inconsistencies in the legal system as a result …

JUDICIAL ABSURDITIES: NONSENSICAL AND IRRESPONSIBLE VERDICTS OF INDIAN COURTS Read More »

ABSTRACT:  This research paper looks into the progress and role of forensic sciences in the Indian legal system. Forensic science has gone through big improvement/ saw major progress over the past years, having an impact on judicial system worldwide. In India, criminal cases and trials have improved since the use of forensic science and has …

PROGRESS IN FORENSIC SCIENCE AND ITS ROLE IN THE INDIAN LEGAL SYSTEM Read More »

ABSTRACT Cybercrime has emerged as a significant threat in today’s world, with its impact spanning across individuals, businesses, and governments. This abstract delves into the intricate landscape of cybercrime and the corresponding measures of cybersecurity aimed at mitigating its risks. It explores the various forms of cyber threats, including malware, phishing, ransomware, and identity theft, …

LEGAL ASPECTS OF CYBERCRIME INCIDENTS: PREVENTION AND RESPONSE Read More »

ABSTRACT As humanity’s presence in outer space continues to grow, we face two critical challenges: the need to responsibly utilize the resources available in space, and the imperative to mitigate the escalating amount of space debris orbiting our planet. The exploitation of outer space resources holds immense potential, offering economic, scientific, and strategic benefits that …

TWO SIDES OF A COIN: OUTER SPACE RESOURCES AND SPACE DEBRIS MITIGATION Read More »

 ABSTRACT  Marriage can be simply defined as a state of being husband and wife or two individual becoming a single entity. Marriage in Hinduism is seen as a religious sacrament. The legal framework for Hindu marriage is enshrined in the Constitution of India as ‘Hindu Marriage Act,1955’. This personal law is very deep rooted and …

VALIDITY OF HINDU MARRIAGES: RITUALS AS ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS  Read More »

ABSTRACT –  Section 375 of Indian Penal Code, 1860 and now section 63 of Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita defines and criminalizes Rape as a forced sexual intercourse with women without their consent, aiming to protect women from falling victim to this violent act and preserving their dignity but at the same time, a section of women …

Invisible suffering: the legal and social ramifications of marital rape exemption clause  Read More »

By Ankita Nakhate Abstract India is undergoing significant infrastructure development, with road expansion being a crucial part of this development. With the growing road network, the number of vehicles on the road is also increasing. With the rising number of vehicles, violating road traffic regulations and accidents on the road have become an inevitable part …

Reforming Juvenile Motor Vehicle Law Penalties in India: A critical need to enhance safety on roads Read More »

Abstract: Intersectionality, a theory formulated by the black female legal scholar Prof Kimberlé Crenshaw in the early 1990s, has become increasingly central in explaining and dealing with the multiple and intricate forms of social inequality. The article aims to achieve intersectional justice, which combines gender, race, and class. These modern systems of justice have become …

Title: Intersectionality in Justice: Addressing the Complexities of Gender, Race, and Class Read More »

ABSTRACT: Artificial Intelligence’s (AI) rapid ascent presents hope for a better future, but it negatively influences one of the most essential rights: Privacy. With the advancement in generality, the ability of AI systems to store and process large quantities of personal data poses genuine ethical and legal challenges. Understanding such a vital facet of current …

TITLE: The Looming Shadow of AI: Privacy Rights Under Siege in India Read More »

ABSTRACT “Law without Justice is a wound without a cure.”  – William Scott Downey Criminal laws are a vital part of any society’s quest for justice. In India, the legal landscape governing criminals is grounded by constant laws that are the Indian Penal Code, Indian Evidence Act and CrPC which were enacted in the year …

EVOLUTION OF CRIMINAL LAWS: LEGACY VS. CRIMINAL LAW 2.0 Read More »

Abstract  Development refers to a process in which someone or something grows or changes and becomes more advanced. Development is very often seen as a double-edged sword as it has both its benefits and drawbacks—for instance, The Great Nicobar Development Project.  The project, on one side, developing Great Nicobar, promises economic growth, job creation, and …

The Great Nicobar Development Project: Navigating Legal Complexities and Environmental Implications Read More »

Abstract: This paper explores the necessity of legalizing same-sex marriage in India, examining the social, legal, and human rights aspects. It analyses the current legal framework, public opinion, and the potential benefits of recognizing same-sex unions. Through an analysis of cultural, social, and legal dimensions, this paper advocates for extending marriage rights to same-sex couples …

Need for recognition of same-sex marriage in India Read More »

Abstract “Politics is not a game.  It is an earnest business.”                               -Winston Churchill  This research paper examines the sum and substance of the 2018 electoral bond scheme which recently got rolled back by the apex court of the nation. The scheme was introduced to carry out political funding in a clean and responsible manner but …

All about Electoral Bonds and why the Supreme Court declared them unconstitutional Read More »

ABSTRACT: Abortion is a highly sensitized issue in the present modern day society which can be put forward in simple terms as the termination of pregnancy. This is wherein the issue of individual autonomy of a woman seeps in as to whether she has a legal and constitutional right to do so or should the …

CONUNDRUM OF ABORTION RIGHTS IN THE FACE OF INDIVIDUAL AUTONOMY: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS Read More »

Abstract Children are also known as the heartbeat of a nation and the architects of the country’s future. Therefore, when children come in conflict with the law, it becomes the duty of the law and society to bring them back on the righteous path and lead them to brighter horizons. The term ‘Juvenile Delinquency’ originates …

THE JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM IN INDIA: HOW FAR HAVE WE COME? Read More »

Abstract In this digital world, it is easy to access any information about anyone. Tracking anyone and anything is easily possible without the awareness to the one who is being tracked. Government as well as private companies can easily watch and get one’s personal data which poses serious privacy threats for individuals. There exists a …

The complexity between National Security and Individual Privacy: Legal challenges over Mass Surveillance Read More »

Abstract In the age of global innovation and cultural exchange, India stands as a beacon, using digital libraries to safeguard millennia-old wisdom. The Traditional Knowledge Digital Library (TKDL) exemplifies this effort, with 34 million pages detailing 2.26 million medicinal formulations from Ayurveda, Unani, Siddha, and Yoga. This repository preserves India’s rich heritage and aids global …

Preserving Wisdom: India’s Traditional Knowledge & IP Rights Read More »

Abstract: Parental leave policies play a pivotal role in supporting work-life balance and gender equality worldwide. The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 and its later changes govern maternity benefits, which are the subject of this paper’s analysis of India’s legal framework for parental leave. It also looks into the Central Civil Services Rules’ paternity leave policies …

EXAMINING THE LAWS AND POLICIES SUPPORTING PARENTAL LEAVE IN INDIA COMPARISION WITH FOREIGN COUNTRIES  Read More »

Abstract India’s alcohol industry significantly contributes to the national economy; however, it also raises critical concerns about public health and illicit consumption. Legal frameworks for alcohol distribution, sales, and consumption vary considerably across states in India, as the subject of ‘alcohol’ falls under the State List within the Seventh Schedule of the Indian Constitution. Notably, …

LEGAL AGE OF INTOXICATION: ADDRESSING ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION BY MINORS IN INDIA Read More »

Abstract  The legal system now uses public interest litigation (PIL) as a tool to help courts confront social injustices and protect fundamental rights. This paper examines the function of PIL in India, charting its evolution and evaluating its social effects. Starting with a definition and context the research paper examines the aspects and key laws …

The Historical Development of Public Interest Litigation in India Read More »

Abstract: Custodial torture and death are some of the most dreadful and brutal pain one could inflict on someone who is in complete control of the former it is one of the cruelest abuses of human rights. Fundamentally it means torturing and snatching someone’s right to life and right to be treated humanely. The word …

Custodial torture and deaths in India: A Brief Overview Read More »

Contents Contents 1 Abstract 2 Keywords : AI, Authorship, Work for hire doctrine, Copyright law, Employee, 2 Introduction 3 Research Methodology 5 Review of literature 5 The Work-Made-For-Hire Doctrine 5 AI and the Concept of Authorship 8 AI and Work-Made-For-Hire 9 Conclusion 11 Suggestions 12 References 12 Abstract The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as …

“Guiding the Machine: Assessing Human Authorship in AI-Generated Works for Work-Made-for-Hire”  Read More »

ABSTRACT Fashion law is a nascent area that draws upon many legal disciplines to tackle the distinct problems encountered by the fashion industry. This research paper offers a thorough analysis of fashion law, examining its historical development, the legal safeguards for fashion designs, and the several forms of intellectual property that are relevant to the …

FASHION LAW: A COMPREHENSIVE OVERVIEW Read More »

Abstract Human Rights are highly influences by Artificial intelligence where on one hand it enhances the access to justice, education, healthcare and economic opportunities. It also holds the potential to support financial inclusion and encourage civic participation which makes government actions more transparent. But along with that it comes with certain risk factors that includes …

ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RIGHTS Read More »

Abstract  This research paper critically explores the ethical, societal and constitutional ramifications of plea bargaining and its applicability in the Indian Legal system. While the practice of plea bargaining is viewed justified giving speedy solutions to court cases and trials, yet it goes against the ideas of justice on which our Indian Constitutional enshrines upon. …

PLEA AGAINST PLEA BARGAINING Read More »

Abstract  This study looks at the Pegasus Project, a global investigation that exposed governments’ extensive use of Pegasus spyware, and how it affects Indian citizens’ right to privacy. It looks at Pegasus’s technical prowess, the purported targeting of Indian nationals, the Indian legal system’s regulations pertaining to private rights, and the ongoing legal issues. The …

Pegasus Spyware Controversy and Right to Privacy in India Read More »

Abstract: This paper has tried to argue that information technology has drastically transformed the judicial system of India. It can be clearly seen that the digital courts especially the electronic court and the virtual hearings have featured as a part of the digital economy. This article therefore brings to light some of the effects of …

The Impact of Digital Courts on the Indian Judiciary: Literature Review on E-Courts and Virtual Hearings Read More »

ABSTRACT The world of human beings, where every individual desires to live a life of dignity or honor, To protect this so called honor, they can go to any extent; they can even take someone’s life, whether they are their loved ones or not. Even though, in this technological phase of development, patriarchal society still …

IS HONOR KILLING AN “HONOR”?? Read More »

ABSTRACT  Data breaches occur frequently in the modern world. Companies that hold personal data actively share it with marketers and other businesses for their own gain. As a result, the residents bear the consequences of the infraction. In compliance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), numerous countries have enacted laws safeguarding personal information. California …

“Balancing Privacy and Protection: A Comparative Analysis of the GDPR and CCPA in Safeguarding Consumer Rights” Read More »

ABSTRACT The legal framework surrounding space tourism is becoming more complex as humanity gets closer to realizing this booming sphere of commercial activity. This thorough study delves into the complex web of international laws and legal issues surrounding space travel. It starts with a synopsis of space tourism today and then dives deeply into the …

THE LAW IN SPACE TOURISM: INTERNATIONAL REGULATIONS AND LIABILITY CONCERNS Read More »

“An analysis Of Bharatiya nayay sanhita on Juvenile Law” “History will judge us by the difference we make in the everyday lives of children.” -Nelson Mandela ABSTRACT: This paper constitutes a comprehensive analysis of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, with a focus on its relevance to juvenile law in India. The historical evolution of juvenile justice …

BHARATIYA NAYAY SANHITA Read More »

ABSTRACT The research paper focuses on the sealed cover method as a process employed by the Indian legal system to safeguard sensitive or private details pertinent to a particular case where the court directs  the involved parties to present it in a sealed cover or an envelope inaccessible to anyone except the court. This method …

SEALED COVER JURISPRUDENCE AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR THE JUDICIAL PROCESS IN INDIA Read More »

Abstract The Pune Porsche Crash incident garnered a lot of attention and caused public outrage due to the details surrounding the case. The public consensus is that this was a classic case of rich people abusing their money and power to bend the law to their advantage, while the common people are left helpless. This …

Pune Porsche Crash – Was Justice Delivered? Read More »

ABSTRACT The exponential growth of the internet and digital infrastructure in India has led to a notable surge in cybercrime, presenting a considerable menace to individuals, businesses, and government entities. This paper delivers a comprehensive analysis of the current status of cybercrime in India, highlighting significant patterns, weaknesses, and difficulties. The paper also highlights the …

THE PRESENT SCENARIO OF CYBERCRIME IN INDIA AND HOW IT CAN BE PREVENTED Read More »

ABSTRACT: The rapid evolution of social media platforms has fundamentally transformed communication, commerce, and culture, necessitating the development and implementation of comprehensive legal frameworks. This paper examines the current landscape of social media laws, highlighting the key areas of concern including privacy, data protection, freedom of expression, intellectual property, and the regulation of misinformation. Through …

“SOCIAL MEDIA LAWS: HAS SOCIAL MEDIA MADE PEOPLE MORE OR LESS CONNECTED?” Read More »

Abstract This legal research paper examines the complexity of the legal and ethical landscape of Euthanasia, focused on the perspective of the right to die with dignity as a potential exception to the fundamental right to life. It explores the religious and historical perspective of Euthanasia, highlighting the tension between patient autonomy and the sanctity …

Euthanasia: An Exception to the Right to Life Read More »

ABSTRACT                                                                            This study explores the framework of data protection laws in India, the EU, and the US, focusing on the intricate intersection of privacy rights and data security in the digital age. It assesses India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act 2023 concerning the GDPR and CCPA, identifying areas for enhancement and areas where disparities exist. …

“Impacts of Data Breaches on Consumer Privacy Rights: A Comparative Analysis of Data Protection Laws in India, the EU, and the US” Read More »

Abstract Artificial Intelligence, as its arrival into the world of humans, is changing various industries and challenging IPR developed over time. This article looks at how IPR is changing with the development of AI where ownership, authorship, and creativity are the prime concerns. Technologies linked with AI are altering existing laws and seem to call …

The Evolving Landscape of Intellectual Property Rights in the Era of Artificial Intelligence. Read More »

Abstract: According to the World GDP Ranking, India is currently the Fifth largest economy in the world and is slowly in the transition of moving from a developing to a developed country in the near future. There are many new avenues which are being visualised and created for the economic growth and with the increase …

The Impact of Gig Economy in India Read More »

ABSTRACT The COVID-19 pandemic compelled the Indian judiciary to fast transition to virtual courts. This research paper talks about how virtual courts were established in India mainly focusing on their implementation, advantages and limitations. It looks at how digitalisation has positively influenced case management, access to justice and general efficiency. Despite these benefits, this research …

The Institutionalization of Virtual Courts in India Read More »

ABSTRACT Necrophilia is defined as being sexually attracted to dead bodies. Also known as necrophilism, necrolagnia, necrocoitus, necrochlesis, it includes sexual acts involving corpes.  Deplorably very few countries to date have criminalised the act of ‘necrophilia’. In India, the judiciary has often addressed the question of rights of the deceased. § 297 and 377 of …

NECROPHILIA – A Legal Lacuna in India  Read More »

ABSTRACT This research paper reviews the recent landmark ruling by the Supreme Court of India which clarified the application of the Consumer Protection Act of 1986 to legal professionals, specifically lawyers. The Consumer Protection Act was originally enacted to address consumer complaints swiftly and simply, introducing the concept of ‘consumer’ and establishing rights. Nonetheless, there …

Service and accountability; examining the role of legal services under the Consumer Protection Act. Read More »

ABSTRACT This research explores the complex relationship between environmental justice and Indigenous rights, shedding light on historical legacies, current issues, and possible avenues for just resolution. Examining the long-term effects of colonialism and resource extraction on native territories, it highlights how crucial indigenous sovereignty and self-determination are to environmental governance. The study promotes more inclusive …

DEVELOPMENT AT THE COST OF ENVIRONMENTAL INJUSTICE AND RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLE.  Read More »

Abstract This research paper provides an in depth analysis of the Artificial intelligence related to its integration status and the measures that are being taken with the accountability that comes with usage of such tools. The paper also includes the challenges and issues that we are being presented with  such integration in India. Keywords Introduction  …

Mitigating Liability risks in Indian Cyber laws: A legal analysis of AI integration and accountability measures Read More »

ABSTRACT The research paper talks about the whole press freedom situation in India which is quite complex and has many different aspects to it. This paper aims to examine the press freedom in India while discussing its past, present and legal background in this country. It explores the history of press freedom while focusing on …

IN-DEPTH EXAMINATION OF PRESS FREEDOM IN INDIA Read More »

And their Future Abstract This research paper examines in detail with the road laws in India, and the future they hold. This paper is an attempt to dive deep into understanding the various provisions envisaged for the purpose of safety on the road and to punish offenders who not only endanger their own lives, but …

Terror on the Roads –  A brief on road Laws in India Read More »

Abstract: India is among the multiple developing countries which is hit hardest by climate change and its multiple obstructive implications. In an effort to combat climate change and to move towards a more sustainable way of living, Prime Minister Narendra Modi in his address in Conference of the Parties (COP26) outlined the five elements called …

India’s Green Credit Programme- An Incentivised Responsibility of Environmental Sustainability  Read More »

ABSTRACT Forensic science plays a crucial role in the justice system of our country. It not only plays a very vital role in our judiciary system but also plays a very crucial role in corporate sector as well. The process of forensic investigation helps various legal issue and their analysis. Forensic science is an interdisciplinary …

FORENSIC SCIENCE: A BOON IN THE FIELD OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Read More »

ABSTRACT The Electricity (Amendment) Bill, 2022 is considered as a crucial legislation bill which aims at addressing the current problems in the electricity sector of India. By increasing competition and improving the efficiency of service delivery while emphasizing sustainability, the Bill aims to achieve several significant reforms: as well as in the cases of deregulation …

THE ELECTRICITY (AMENDMENT) BILL, 2022  AND ITS POTENTIAL IMPACTS Read More »

Abstract: This paper aims to examine the role of government in governing the mergers and acquisitions (M&A) in light of the necessity to redefine these concepts as M&A becomes a more innovative phenomenon is the goal of this study. The paper will evaluate, summarize, and discuss major institutional regulations pertaining to mergers and acquisitions (M&A) …

Merger and Acquisition laws in India: a simplified analysis Read More »

ABSTRACT The conditions of the prisons are harrowing. But it is worse for the marginalized communities in prison ie. Women and LGBTQIA+. They face pervasive discrimination, harassment, and systemic neglect, both within the prison system and in broader society. Despite constitutional guarantees of equality, women prisoners endure gendered social control, custodial violence, and inadequate legal …

GENDER, SEXUAL IDENTITY AND PRISONS Read More »

Abstract  The case of biotechnological inventions is fundamentally different from more conventional inventions and the associated challenges therein crosses the avenues of science, law, and ethics. These are some of the delicate issues that the present analysis seeks to unravel, given the fact that biotechnological advancements are not simple feats; the nature of patent laws …

Analyzing the challenges in patenting biotechnological innovations Read More »

Introduction   In law, being successful doesn’t just mean knowing the rules and how to argue in court. It’s  also about how well you talk to people and build relationships. Lawyers must be good at both  understanding the law and getting along with others. Knowing how to research, analyze, and  argue is equally important. These skills …

Topic: Beyond the Books: Who Can Be A  Successful Lawyer   Read More »

ABSTRACT Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing numerous industries, and its impact on intellectual property (IP) law is particularly significant. This paper investigates the intricate relationship between AI and IP law, emphasizing both the emerging challenges and the potential opportunities. The continuous advancement of AI technologies introduces critical questions about IP protection, ownership rights, and the …

Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Intellectual Property Law Read More »

INTRODUCTION People have migrated throughout history, driven by various causes and employing various methods to get to their destinations. Migration has long been a subject of scholarly and social inquiry, as well as the subject of divisive political discourse. An essential component of the modern global economy is migration. Migration, both domestic and foreign, can …

MIGRATION, POVERTY AND INEQUALITY: ITS IN-DEPTH ROOTED ANALYSIS IN INDIAN CONTEXT AND ACROSS GLOBAL WORLD Read More »

ABSTRACT  In the digital era where data is a vital asset, the Intersection of Intellectual Property Rights is one of the most important developing topic in the Legal Studies, Intellectual Property Rights, give complete rights to the creators to promote their innovation and creativity, which impact sometimes with Data Protection regulations, which helps in avoiding …

TITLE: EXPLORING THE INTERSECTION OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS (IPR) AND DATA PROTECTION  Read More »

Abstract:   We all know about the havoc created by AI generated deepfakes. Today virtual images have  become so real that it’s practically impossible to distinguish between reality and virtuality. One  of the many industries which were completely revolutionized due to this innovation is the  gaming industry. Such level of hyper-realistic simulation would make anyone believe …

Violence and Adult Content in Video Games: Impact and Rules and  Regulations Governing it.   Read More »

Abstract: International Humanitarian law has been seen as a framework regulating armed hostilities and conflicts all across the globe. Contemporary peacebuilding and peacemaking actions have lent their trust to International Humanitarian law or IHL, to frame peace mainly in International Armed conflicts & Non-international armed conflicts. This research paper delves into the roots of International …

The Role of International Humanitarian Law in Armed Conflicts Read More »

-Mahek Shah Table of contents Abstract 3 Introduction 3 Keywords 4 Research Methodology 4 Method 5 Introduction to Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) in the Entertainment Industry 5 Historical Perspective 5 Trends in the entertainment industry 6 Current Landscape of IPR in Entertainment 7 Challenges and Controversies 8 Strategies to resolve disputes 9 Case laws 10 …

Intellectual Property Rights in the Entertainment Industry Read More »

Abstract:   Intellectual property pertains to the ownership of intangible assets, which encompass ideas, designs, symbols, writings, and creative works. It also includes digital media like audio and video files available for download online. Because intellectual property is intangible, recovering it after theft can be challenging. For instance, someone might develop an innovative invention. Copyright emerged …

Intellectual Property Rights In Digital Age Read More »

ABSTRACT The right to life and personal liberty as given under the constitution of India is a fundamental right and one of the most important fundamental human rights in a democracy. The meaning of this fundamental right is not just limited to the simple fact that life exists, rather it is understood as the right …

An Examination of Prisoners’ Rights Under the Indian Constitution Read More »