Abstract The death penalty, or capital punishment, has been used for centuries as a punishment for serious crimes. In the past, if a person committed a brutal or violent crime, they were often sentenced to death. This was thought to scare others and stop them from committing such crimes. But today, there is a lot …
Death Penalty in Decline: A Legal and Moral Debate Read More »
ABSTRACT The convergence of blockchain technology and corporate governance is driving a fundamental shift in how intellectual property (IP) is managed, traded, and protected. This paper examines the disruptive potential of IP tokenization, a process that converts intangible assets into blockchain-based digital tokens on current governance methods. The study examines how decentralized technologies including smart …
BOARDROOM TO BLOCKCHAIN: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN THE AGE OF IP TOKENIZATION Read More »
ABSTRACT “A Knock That No One Heard.” A woman gig worker who sought recourse for the harassment she faced from her co-worker, denied because she was not formally employed and was rather classified as an independent contractor. Because the aggregators called themselves digital intermediaries and refused to call themselves employers? This paper critically examines the …
ABSTRACT Delays in rape investigations in India remain a significant barrier to justice for victim survivors, compounding the trauma they endure and undermining their autonomy and dignity. Despite progressive statutory and judicial frameworks mandating timely procedures such as immediate FIR registration, prompt medical examinations and swift charge-sheet filing systematic inefficiencies continue to plague the criminal …
EVALUATING VICTIM- SURVIVOR AUTONOMY IN DELAY-RIDDEN RAPE INVESTIGATIONS IN INDIA Read More »
Abstract With increasing industry sector, the IP field is growing in a faster pace due to technological advancements. This paper highly focuses on how Intellectual Property Law includes the protection of non-traditional subject matter under various IP regimes such as Trade Marks, Copyright, Patent and Designs. It highlights the olfactory marks under Trademark Act in …
Protection Of ‘Smells and Scents’ Under Intellectual Property Law. Read More »
“Rape is an accusation easily to be made and hard to be proved, and harder to be defended by the party accused, though never so innocent” ABSTRACT This article critically evaluates how evidentiary gaps have become a threat to our legal system. In horrific crimes like rape, evidence and testimony is the only thing the …
LACK OF EVIDENCE IN RAPE CASES: A THREAT TO JUSTICE Read More »
ABSTRACT: In the case of electoral boundaries drawing, the Delimitation Commission is under close limelight regarding the fairness of the practice. In this paper, I will analyze the legal and institutional structure within which the operations of the panel are structured, such as the membership, intra- working, and the legal regulations that have been guiding …
DIGITAL INTIMACY Abstract In an age dominated by digital intimacy, the boundaries between affection and abuse are dangerously thin. With the widespread use of smartphones, dating apps and social media, non consensual intimate image sharing (NCII) which is commonly used as revenge porn has emerged as a silent pandemic. Victims, particularly women, face the brunt …
ABSTRACT The term custodial cruelty is virtually a world-wide phenomenon inflicted upon individuals regardless of gender , age, or state of health .This worst form of human rights violation has become a very serious and alarming problem in India. Brutal atrocities on accused persons are on the increase day by day. Custodial cruelty has …
CHAINS OF SILENCE – Reforming India’s Legal Response To Custodial Cruelty Read More »
Post-Strike Down Enforcement in India Abstract The courts are the final safeguards of constitutional principles, guaranteeing that parliamentary and executive decisions adhere to core rights. Wherever laws declared invalid by courts continue to be applied, a very real danger to the rule of law arises. One of the most surprising illustrations in contemporary Indian law …
hal The Phantom of IT’s Section 66A: Post-Strike Down Enforcement in India Read More »
Abstract In recent years, despite significant advancements in aircraft technology and safety protocols, aviation accidents have continued to occur, shaking public confidence and raising significant questions about responsibility and accountability within the aviation industry. These tragedies highlight the unsettling truth that even in a highly regulated and technologically sophisticated field, systemic setbacks exist. This study …
AVIATION LIABILITY IN LIGHT OF THE AHEMDABAD TRAGEDY Read More »
ABSTRACT Consideration of environmental sustainability, social responsibility and ethical governance is transforming the capital markets. Today’s shareholders are not just voting on returns but also scoring companies on how they are affecting the planet, people and politics. Green IPOs are emerging in that sweep. These are publicly offered companies that are in the business of …
Mansi MadnaniGreen IPOs and ESG Disclosures: A New Era in Capital Markets? Read More »
ABSTRACT This paper examines a recent Madras High Court judgement which ruled that “chosen families” fall under the ambit of Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. It argues that the judgement is a significant development in queer rights jurisprudence in India because it broadened the legal notion of the term “family” beyond heteronormative and conservative …
Chosen Families and the Constitution: A Study of Queer Legal Recognition in India Read More »
ABSTRACT The relationship between criminal behaviour and mental health is a complex and multifaceted topic that has gained increased attention in the psychiatric and legal communities. While mental illness alone does not predict criminal behaviour, certain psychological conditions can result in distorted reality perceptions, impaired judgement, and impaired impulse control. This abstract explores the relationship …
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTAL HEALTH AND CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR Read More »
Minorities:-A Litmus Test For The Functioning Of Any Democracy ABSTRACT: The status of minorities in any democratic country indicates the soundness of democracy in such country. Minorities play a vital role for the preservation of democracy, for, a nation can be called democratic only when it provides its minority population with equal rights and opportunities. …
TITLE: Minorities:-A Litmus Test For The Functioning Of Any Democracy Read More »
Abstract India had been governed by colonial-era penal laws for the longest time. These criminal laws did not represent the dynamics and needs of the present Indian society. In a historic legislative overhaul, the Indian government replaced the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Indian Evidence Act with the Bharatiya Nyaya …
Reimagining Justice: A Feminist Critique of India’s New Criminal Laws Read More »
Abstract With pertinent reforms in existing legal dynamics, judicial opinions and scholarly commentary have increasingly converged to bring global environmental issues to the universal forefront of international discourse. By facilitating dialogue, dispute resolution, and the development of customary international norms, these forums enable states to engage in cooperative frameworks. The normative legal notions though solemn …
Abstract In today’s corporate world, ensuring ethical conduct and transparency has become essential for sustainable development. Whistleblowers, as insiders, play a crucial role in exposing fraud, corruption, and other unethical practices within organizations. Across the world, countries have implemented laws to protect whistleblowers from retaliation and provide confidentiality. In India, however, despite several regulations like …
ABSTRACT The Indian legal framework dealing with recognition and registration of well-known trademarks is of great importance and needs to be strictly applied for brand protection, especially at present when the world has shifted to digital era. In India, the trademark registration is governed by the Trade Marks Act, 1999 and the Trade Marks Rules, …
Abstract The proliferation of disinformation that is created by AI poses an unprecedented and constantly evolving threat to national security that puts the very foundations of democratic societies at risk, further causing citizens to lose trust in fundamental institutions. In the following research paper, the reasons that “how artificial intelligence is reshaping the magnitude, complexity, …
Abstract: “In the digital world, clicking ‘I Agree’ rarely means ‘I Understand’.” By saying this a dilemma of highlighted gap between giving a consent and rarely understanding it becomes an important task to solve and curb the extending disparities created by the term ‘I Agree’ . In this paper, I would elucidate upon what does …
Abstract The institution of Waqf in India, a cornerstone of Islamic philanthropy, has been the subject of extensive legislative reform, culminating in the highly contested amendments to the Waqf Act, 1995. This paper provides a comprehensive socio-legal analysis of these reforms, with a specific focus on their implications for gender representation and the inheritance rights …
Abstract Extra-judicial activities refer to the actions committed outside the scope of judiciary, when the executive takes law in their own hands and decides to act as judge or jury and punish the arrested persons/accused by encounters, this constitutes extra-judicial killings. This paper aims to critically examine the prevalent evil of encounters and also deals …
Extra-Judicial Killings and Fake Encounters: Fabricated Justice Read More »
Abstract This study looks at how well-informed Indian workers and companies are about the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (POSH Act). It examines how well the Act has been applied, paying special attention to reporting procedures, rights awareness, and Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) operations. The study makes use …
Title: Knowledge and Comprehension of the POSH Act of 2013 Read More »
Abstract In todays day to day lifestyle a cameras plays a very important role which is because people wants to look as a well-mannered person in front of the camera, or a good person in simple word. Observing this behaviour the Body worn cameras were introduced. These cameras are an audio visual device which are …
ABSTRACT One of the most prominent accomplishments in the 21st century has been the invention of Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI is simulated human intelligence through machines such as computer systems. The emergence of this impeccable technology has had an extensive impact on not just the sectors of the economy but also on every aspect of …
Abstract The institution of Waqf in India, a cornerstone of Islamic philanthropy, has been the subject of extensive legislative reform, culminating in the highly contested amendments to the Waqf Act, 1995. This paper provides a comprehensive socio-legal analysis of these reforms, with a specific focus on their implications for gender representation and the inheritance rights …
ABSTRACT This research discuss the scope and restrictions of freedom of speech in recent times.Freedom of speech and expression, enshrined under Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution, serves as one of the pillars of Democracy .The constitution provides some fundamental rights to citizen but they are subject to restrictions to maintain the peace and public …
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN CONFLICT: JUDICIAL TRENDS IN POST-2022 INDIA. Read More »
ABSTRACT India’s prison administration stems from colonial-era laws, which introduced a more institutionalised system of prisons to maintain law and order. It aimed to incorporate a uniform set of rules for the prison administration that inclined towards a punitive approach. This research paper aims to critically evaluate the extent to which India has aligned its …
CRIMINALISATION OF CHEQUE DISHONOUR IN INDIA: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF SECTION 138 OF THE NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT,1881 ABSTRACT Negotiable instruments are one of the most essential tools used in financial transactions that take place in India, with cheques being the most used instruments. Even so, the rising number of dishonored cheques due to insufficient funds …
ABSTRACT This research paper explores the legal issue around the inheritance of digital assets in India, with a focus on Youtube channels .While Indian law recognizes the inheritance of physical and intellectual property, there is no clear recognition for digital assets in statutes that makes the management of the accounts after the user’s death subject …
SUCCESSION IN THE DIGITAL ERA: LEGAL CHALLENGES OF INHERITING MONETIZED YOUTUBE CHANNELS Read More »
_________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, established in 2016, was created to consolidate the scattered insolvency and bankruptcy structure into one unified legislation. A primary goal of this Code is to protect creditor rights and interests. It was formulated to overcome the limitations and ineffective aspects of previous insolvency regulations by departing from the …
Abstract: The POCSO Act, 2012, was introduced by the Indian legislature to address increasing cases of child sexual abuse, particularly against girls. The law defines a comprehensive range of offences, establishing child-friendly procedures and Special Courts for the speedy disposal of cases. Despite significant legal advancements, implementation challenges persist. This research uses a doctrinal and …
PROTECTION OF WOMEN UNDER POCSO ACT: EFFECTIVENESS AND CHALLENGES Read More »
ABSTRACT The “Rights of Man” theory has developed in the Enlightenment revolutions and then found a place in the contemporary constitutional democracies, such as India. The Indian Constitution promises a wide range of fundamental rights with the ethos of liberty, equality, justice, and dignity the very values constituting the substance of the Rights of Man. …
AUTHOR Name: Anish College: PUSSGRC, Hoshiarpur (Panjab University) Semester & Year: 6th Semester & 3rd Year ABSTRACT In the digital age, children are spending more time online for socializing, learning, and playing. Kids can gather and understand a vast amount online, but they are also more exposed to risks because of it. When proper security …
TITLE: Lack of Legal Protection for Men in India against Marital Cruelty ABSTRACT Marital cruelty directed at men is a growing concern in discussions about justice. This research thoroughly looks at the lack of legal protection for men in India when they face cruelty in marriage. Unlike women, who have specific protections under Section 498A …
Research Paper: No Protection for Men in India against Marital Cruelty Read More »
Abstract: Every day across Indian cities, a few people carry bags of leftover food or packets of biscuits, walk quietly to street corners, and feed the dogs and cats no one else cares about. They don’t do it for praise—they do it because they feel it’s the right thing to do. But instead of support, …
“Voice for the Voiceless: Why India’s Animal Cruelty Laws Need Urgent Reform” Read More »
ABSTRACT Round Tripping is a practice that involves circular flow of money. It can be simply understood as when money generated in India is invested in another country through channels such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) is reinvested back in India. Though round tripping is not explicitly prohibited in India, …
ROUND TRIPPING AND THE LEGAL GAPS BETWEEN FEMA AND TAX LAWS IN INDIA Read More »
Abstract The intersection of hate speech and free speech in Indian jurisprudence represents one of the most challenging constitutional dilemmas of our time. As India grapples with increasing communal tensions and the rapid proliferation of digital platforms, the courts find themselves walking a tightrope between protecting fundamental rights and maintaining social harmony. Common people often …
Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: The Blurred Line in Indian Jurisprudence Read More »
ABSTRACT Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) emerged as a prominent mechanism for resolving legal disputes through digital means, such as virtual hearings, electronic filings, and online conferencing tools. In light of the Indian judiciary’s chronic backlog and prolonged trial timelines, ODR presents a viable solution to address inefficiencies in traditional court systems. This paper traces the …
Abstract India’s rapid urbanization has fueled the growth of informal settlements, posing a significant challenge to urban governance and human rights. This research paper critically analyzes the legal framework of slum rehabilitation in India, examining the evolution of policy and it’s real world implementation. This paper scrutinizes persistent implementation challenges, including insecure land tenure, bureaucratic …
Abstract In India, nowadays Climate litigation is not only confined to traditional environmental disputes but is interlaced with constitutional and human rights. Supreme Court as well as High Courts, acts as proactive institution while interpreting environmental rights under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. This undermines the fact that while judicial activism has contributed …
Climate Litigation in India: Rising Judicial Activism or Executive Failure? Read More »
Chapter xx of Indian Penal Code 1860 ABSTRACT Starting my abstract with a strong quote which goes by “the best place to live is where women walk freely ,speak boldly ,and are treated equally,”.Marriages are said to be made in heaven ,unfortunately some are unlucky in this beautiful stage of their life . Vows are …
OFFENCES RELATED TO MARRIAGE Chapter xx of Indian Penal Code 1860 Read More »
~Remsha Pathan Abstract Trademarks were created to assist people remember the quality and identity of a brand, making it easier for them to tell one brand from another. So far, India has provided strong protection for conventional trademarks such as words, colors, labels, names, and symbols. Indian trademark legislation currently falls short in offering sufficient …
The Criminal Justice of India relies profoundly upon the principle of impartial investigation and due process of law. Yet, in various number of cases in the Indian territory the accused are acquitted or discharged due to the lapses in the procedure that has to be followed by the police during the course of investigation and …
Abstract The rapid growth of the digital economy has revealed fundamental weakness in conventional international tax systems, which led various countries to implement Digital Services Taxes (DSTs) as a measure to guarantee equitable taxation of global digital business. However, these unilateral tax actions have led to legal and trade issues, specifically whether they are consistent …
Digital Services Taxes and WTO Rules: Conflict or Coexistence Read More »
Abstract – The paper deals with the comparative and critical analysis of previous provisions of section 167 of CrPC to section 187 of BNSS and analyse if the modified section fails or succeeds to resolve the issue of overcrowding in jail ? The paper explicitly shows that the NCRB report has proved that 75% of …
Abstract The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016, is landmark legislation. This consolidated statute establishes a uniform framework for insolvency and bankruptcy matters concerning corporate entities, limited liability partnerships, partnership firms, and individuals. The Fresh Start process, as enshrined in Chapter II of Part III of the Code, offers debtors an opportunity to manage debts …
Critical Analysis of Fresh Start Process under IBC, 2016 Read More »
NIKITHA KOTTESWARAN ABSTRACT: Medical negligence is a burning problem in India, where the medical profession with its noble status is under fire because of cases of malpractices leading to the harm or death of the patient. In the current paper, the legal system pertaining to the rule of medical negligence/malpractice focused in India is addressed, …
MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE LAWS IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS Read More »
Abstract Increasing urban development has caused light pollution to be a growing concern in India. It affects the health of humans, flora and fauna. The skyglow phenomenon actively hinders astronomical pursuits. However this issue is not well known, and the Indian Judiciary has started to take cognizance of it. This paper examines regulations relating to …
The Light Pollution Policy Gap in India – An Overview Read More »
Abstract The purpose of this research is to understand the growing threat of cyber violence against women in India, with a focus on deepfakes, revenge porn, stalking, etc. These acts are often targeted towards women online, and can lead to mental health deterioration, psychological harm, and even reputational harm. While laws mentioned in Bharatiya Nyaya …
Abstract The rapidly evolving technological world poses a risk, and the concept of quantum computing is no longer a science fiction concept; in reality, it is transforming into a transformative reality. It no doubt promises and vows to revolutionise fields like medicine, climate science and artificial intelligence, the most posing risk it imposes on the …
“Privacy In The Age OF Quantum Computing: Will Encryption Survive?” Read More »
ABSTRACT In the age of digital transformation, the Indian Corporations are using data-driven technology more and more, which leads to huge amount of sensitive and personal information. Data breaches have increased as a result of the incredible development in data collection, which has raised questions about the Consumer Protection and corporate responsibility. In order to …
ABSTRACT The exponential rise in Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) investing has compelled Indian companies to align their corporate strategies with sustainability objectives. As of early 2024, ESG-focused mutual funds in India manage assets worth over ₹12,300 crore, reflecting the growing investor shift toward ethical portfolios. However, this surge in ESG disclosures has also led …
Abstract: In an era where technological advances have taken over almost all aspects of man and the society, it is crucial that everyone understand the trends of how crimes have modified from causing physical harms to abusing financial systems and institutions through acts of cheating, deception, dishonesty and theft. These offenses, also known as Economic …
Abstract In India, smart devices like fitness bands, smart speakers (like Amazon Alexa), and smartphones are now widely used in homes and offices. These gadgets are made to hear, gather, and save user information. A smart speaker, for instance, may record conversations even when not in use, which raises questions about ongoing, covert surveillance. This …
Silent Surveillance: Are Smart Devices Violating Right to Privacy in India? Read More »
FACTS The Victim & Accident On October 18, 2007, a careless tractor-truck driver struck a motorcycle carrying 12-year-old Kajal as a passenger. She was deemed completely disabled, had irreversible paraplegia, and suffered catastrophic brain damage. Lower Awards & Claim Her father made a claim in accordance with Motor Vehicles Act Section 166: The insurer subsequently …
KAJAL V JAGDISH CHAND : A New Dawn For Disabled Victims in Indian Jurisprudence Read More »
Abstract: Criminology, the study of crime and criminal behavior, is intrinsically linked to society. It examines how societal factors influence crime, how crime impacts society and how society responds to crime through its law, enforcement and correctional systems. Criminology seeks to understand the root causes of crime, develop strategies for crime prevention, and improve …
Title: Criminology and the society; Understanding the Society’s Influence on crime. Read More »
ABSTRACT As India’s democracy has grown, the rights of marginalised and minority groups have started to be given the same weight as those of the majority. Despite being frequently treated as separate concepts, moral and legal standards have historically overlapped in intricate and occasionally contradictory ways. While morality, particularly public or popular morality, is frequently …
“BETWEEN GAVEL AND GOSPEL : Decoding the clash of Constitutional and Popular Morality” Read More »
Abstract: In today’s era, nothing is possible without the Internet. Even for the smallest things, we need the internet, but do we know what its pros and cons are? The Internet has led to a trend of online gambling; it has become a source of entertainment and is even rising at a global level. In …
TITLE: A STUDY ON ONLINE GAMBLING: LAWS AND ENFORCEMENT Read More »
ABSTRACT The sudden rise in artificial intelligence’s content-producing powers has transformed how we create and consume content, and from a legal context, this presents a unique dilemma in evidence presentation. AI-generated products like deepfakes, audio files, and machine-generated texts can replicate real human-created evidence. This paper explores whether such evidence can be considered admissible under …
CAN AI-GENERATED EVIDENCE BE ADMISSIBLE UNDER INDIAN LAW? Read More »
This paper aims at exploring the consequences of armed conflict in war affected regions post 2020 are gendered, with a special focus on the worst affected areas of Afghanistan, Ukraine and Gaza. Women and girls are known to be affected disproportionately during conflict and are often the first casualties of war. They have a lot …
ABSTRACT The recent cases committed especially against women makes one ponder why the rarest of rare crimes have become so common. With the growing rate of crime these days, and the media trial of such cases even before these go to courts, especially of the elite classes, makes one think of what constitutes the ‘rarest …
ABSTRACT In the last ten years, Indian courts have started recognizing parts of nature—like rivers, forests, animals, and even “Mother Nature”—as legal persons. This means they are given rights and responsibilities like a human or a company. This paper looks at the idea of giving nature legal rights. It studies important court decisions, laws, and …
TITLE:- Environmental Personhood in India: Can Forests or Rivers Hold Legal Rights? Read More »