Case Name– Urmila Dixit V. Sunil Sharan Dixit And OrsCitation– 2025 INSC 20Date of the Judgment– 2nd January 2025Bench – Justice Sanjay Karol and Justice Chudalayil T. Ravikumar Appellant– Urmila DixitRespondent– Sunil Sharan DixitLegal Provisions Involved– Section 23rd Maintenance and welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007 INTRODUCTION In any civilized society, the respect and …
Citation: AIR 2020 SUPREME COURT 476, AIRONLINE 2020 SC 15 Court: Supreme Court of India Bench: JUSTICE A.M. KHANWILKAR, JUSTICE DINESH MAHESHWARI Date of Judgment: January 7, 2020 Appellants: (1) Purshottam Chopra (2) Suresh 1. FACTS On December 18, 1997, Sher Singh was discovered suffering severe burns at a locality in Uttam Nagar, Delhi. He …
Purshottam Chopra vs. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi) Read More »
ABSTRACT The relationship between criminal behaviour and mental health is a complex and multifaceted topic that has gained increased attention in the psychiatric and legal communities. While mental illness alone does not predict criminal behaviour, certain psychological conditions can result in distorted reality perceptions, impaired judgement, and impaired impulse control. This abstract explores the relationship …
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MENTAL HEALTH AND CRIMINAL BEHAVIOUR Read More »
Minorities:-A Litmus Test For The Functioning Of Any Democracy ABSTRACT: The status of minorities in any democratic country indicates the soundness of democracy in such country. Minorities play a vital role for the preservation of democracy, for, a nation can be called democratic only when it provides its minority population with equal rights and opportunities. …
TITLE: Minorities:-A Litmus Test For The Functioning Of Any Democracy Read More »
Abstract India had been governed by colonial-era penal laws for the longest time. These criminal laws did not represent the dynamics and needs of the present Indian society. In a historic legislative overhaul, the Indian government replaced the Indian Penal Code, the Code of Criminal Procedure, and the Indian Evidence Act with the Bharatiya Nyaya …
Reimagining Justice: A Feminist Critique of India’s New Criminal Laws Read More »
Abstract With pertinent reforms in existing legal dynamics, judicial opinions and scholarly commentary have increasingly converged to bring global environmental issues to the universal forefront of international discourse. By facilitating dialogue, dispute resolution, and the development of customary international norms, these forums enable states to engage in cooperative frameworks. The normative legal notions though solemn …
Abstract In today’s corporate world, ensuring ethical conduct and transparency has become essential for sustainable development. Whistleblowers, as insiders, play a crucial role in exposing fraud, corruption, and other unethical practices within organizations. Across the world, countries have implemented laws to protect whistleblowers from retaliation and provide confidentiality. In India, however, despite several regulations like …
ABSTRACT The Indian legal framework dealing with recognition and registration of well-known trademarks is of great importance and needs to be strictly applied for brand protection, especially at present when the world has shifted to digital era. In India, the trademark registration is governed by the Trade Marks Act, 1999 and the Trade Marks Rules, …
Abstract The proliferation of disinformation that is created by AI poses an unprecedented and constantly evolving threat to national security that puts the very foundations of democratic societies at risk, further causing citizens to lose trust in fundamental institutions. In the following research paper, the reasons that “how artificial intelligence is reshaping the magnitude, complexity, …
Abstract: “In the digital world, clicking ‘I Agree’ rarely means ‘I Understand’.” By saying this a dilemma of highlighted gap between giving a consent and rarely understanding it becomes an important task to solve and curb the extending disparities created by the term ‘I Agree’ . In this paper, I would elucidate upon what does …
Abstract The institution of Waqf in India, a cornerstone of Islamic philanthropy, has been the subject of extensive legislative reform, culminating in the highly contested amendments to the Waqf Act, 1995. This paper provides a comprehensive socio-legal analysis of these reforms, with a specific focus on their implications for gender representation and the inheritance rights …
Abstract Extra-judicial activities refer to the actions committed outside the scope of judiciary, when the executive takes law in their own hands and decides to act as judge or jury and punish the arrested persons/accused by encounters, this constitutes extra-judicial killings. This paper aims to critically examine the prevalent evil of encounters and also deals …
Extra-Judicial Killings and Fake Encounters: Fabricated Justice Read More »
Abstract This study looks at how well-informed Indian workers and companies are about the Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013 (POSH Act). It examines how well the Act has been applied, paying special attention to reporting procedures, rights awareness, and Internal Complaints Committee (ICC) operations. The study makes use …
Title: Knowledge and Comprehension of the POSH Act of 2013 Read More »
Abstract In todays day to day lifestyle a cameras plays a very important role which is because people wants to look as a well-mannered person in front of the camera, or a good person in simple word. Observing this behaviour the Body worn cameras were introduced. These cameras are an audio visual device which are …
ABSTRACT One of the most prominent accomplishments in the 21st century has been the invention of Artificial Intelligence (AI). AI is simulated human intelligence through machines such as computer systems. The emergence of this impeccable technology has had an extensive impact on not just the sectors of the economy but also on every aspect of …
Abstract The institution of Waqf in India, a cornerstone of Islamic philanthropy, has been the subject of extensive legislative reform, culminating in the highly contested amendments to the Waqf Act, 1995. This paper provides a comprehensive socio-legal analysis of these reforms, with a specific focus on their implications for gender representation and the inheritance rights …
CASE: The State of Madhya Pradesh v. Laxmi Narayan, (2019) Bench: Justice M.R. Shah Justice S. Abdul Nazeer Justice A.K. Sikri Laws involved: Facts: In this case, the accused persons were charged in a First Information Report (FIR) under sections 307, 294 , 323, and 34 of the Indian Penal Code (IPC) for an event …
CASE COMMENT The State of Madhya Pradesh v. Laxmi Narayan, (2019) Read More »
Supreme Court Constitution Bench The debate over the constitutional position and the autonomy of the election commission of India (ECI) has been simmering for a long time. As per Article 324(2) of the Indian Constitution, the President, while taking into account any law made by Parliament, nominates the Chief Election Commissioner (CEC) and the Election …
Case Comment: Anoop Baranwal V. Union of India (2023) Read More »
Mahnoor Fatima Imran vs M/S Visweswara Infrastructure Pvt Ltd case Case Number: Special Leave Petition (C) No.1866 of 2024 Bench: Justice Sudhanshu Dhulia and Justice K. Vinod Chandran Court: Supreme Court of India Date of Judgment: 07.05.2025 Citation: 2025 INSC 646 Parties Involved: Appellants: Respondents: LAWS INVOLVED: FACTS OF THE CASE: ISSUES BEFORE THE COURT: CONTENTIONS …
CASE COMMENT Mahnoor Fatima Imran vs M/S Visweswara Infrastructure Pvt Ltd case Read More »
Case: All India Judges Association v. Union of India, W.P. (C) No. 1022 of 1989, 2025 INSC 735 (Supreme Court of India) FACTS In 1989, the All India Judges Association filed a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution of India before the Hon’ble Supreme Court, for judicial directions regarding the recruitment and service …
1. Introduction One of the most puzzling problems courts have in the field of anti-corruption jurisprudence is the regular occurrence of complainants becoming antagonistic. A significant court ruling that addresses this exact conundrum is presented in the case of Neeraj Dutt v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi). In this decision, the Supreme Court considered …
Case Commentary: Neeraj Dutt v. State (Govt. of NCT of Delhi), (2023) SCC OnLine SC 655 Read More »
1. FACTS The case of Indian Medical Association v. Union of India emerged against the backdrop of a long-standing conflict between practitioners of modern medicine (allopathy) and those practicing traditional Indian systems of medicine, collectively referred to as AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, and Homeopathy). The petition was filed by the Indian Medical Association (IMA), …
Case Commentary: Indian Medical Association v. Union of India (2020) Read More »
Court : Supreme Court of India, New Delhi Bench : Justice Abhay S. Oka and Justice Augustine Geeoge Masih Petitioners : Maya P.C. and Ors. Respondents : State of Kerala and Public institutions Judgment delivered on : May 23, 2025 Laws and Acts associated with the case : The State shall not deny to …
Case Comment Maya P.C. and Ors. VS State of Kerala Read More »
Facts of the Case: The Maharashtra State Reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) Act, passed by the State of Maharashtra in 2018, gives the Maratha group a sixteen percent reservation in public jobs and educational institutions. Due to this law, Maharashtra’s overall reservation percentage increased to roughly 68%, exceeding the 50% ceiling on …
Case Comment: Dr. Jaishri Laxmanrao Patil v. State of Maharashtra, (2021) 8 SCC 1 Read More »
Citation: 2022 SCC Online SC 825 Bench: Hon’ble Justices Sanjay Kishan Kaul and M.M. Sundresh Date Of Judgement: July 11, 2022 1.Case Fact: The petitioner, Satender Kumar Antil, was accused in a criminal case but was not arrested during the investigation. He was cooperating with the police, had appeared whenever called, and was even on …
CASE COMMENT: SATENDER KUMAR ANTIL vs. CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION & ANR. Read More »
CASE: Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh & Others BENCH: Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud Justice J.B. Pardiwala LAWS INVOLVED: Section 80: Empowers the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities to: FACTS Shalini Dharmani is an assistant professor at Government College, Nalagarh. She is the mother of a fourteen-year-old son who …
CASE COMMENT Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh & Others Read More »
Parties Involved Jyostnamayee Mishra (Petitioner) Versus The State of Odisha and Others (Respondent) Hon’ble Judges J.K. Maheshwari and Rajesh Bindal, JJ. Laws involved Facts of the Case Jyostnamayee Mishra was joined service in 1978, working as a peon in the department of architecture, Government of Orissa. She applied to be promoted to the post of …
CASE COMMENT Jyostnamayee Mishra Versus The State of Odisha and Others Read More »
Petition Type: Writ Petition (Civil) No. 838 of 2019 Bench: Hon’ble Dr. D.Y. Chandrachud (CJI), Hon’ble J.B. Pardiwala, and Hon’ble Manoj Misra Date of Judgment: April 19, 2024 1. Facts of the Case The case revolves around the conservation of two critically endangered avian species: the Great Indian Bustard (GIB) and the Lesser Florican. The …
Case Commentary: M.K. Ranjitsinh & Ors. v. Union of India Read More »
Facts of the Case: The Maharashtra State Reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (SEBC) Act, passed by the State of Maharashtra in 2018, gives the Maratha group a sixteen percent reservation in public jobs and educational institutions. Due to this law, Maharashtra’s overall reservation percentage increased to roughly 68%, exceeding the 50% ceiling on …
Case Comment: Dr. Jaishri Laxmanrao Patil v. State of Maharashtra, (2021) 8 SCC 1 Read More »
CASE COMMENT: SATENDER KUMAR ANTIL vs. CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION & ANR. Citation: 2022 SCC Online SC 825 Bench: Hon’ble Justices Sanjay Kishan Kaul and M.M. Sundresh Date Of Judgement: July 11, 2022 1.Case Fact: The petitioner, Satender Kumar Antil, was accused in a criminal case but was not arrested during the investigation. He was cooperating with …
SATENDER KUMAR ANTIL vs. CENTRAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION & ANR. Read More »
CASE: Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh & Others BENCH: Chief Justice of India D.Y. Chandrachud Justice J.B. Pardiwala LAWS INVOLVED: Section 80: Empowers the State Commissioner for Persons with Disabilities to: FACTS Shalini Dharmani is an assistant professor at Government College, Nalagarh. She is the mother of a fourteen-year-old son who …
CASE COMMENT Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh & Others Read More »
Parties Involved Jyostnamayee Mishra (Petitioner) Versus The State of Odisha and Others (Respondent) Hon’ble Judges J.K. Maheshwari and Rajesh Bindal, JJ. Laws involved Facts of the Case Jyostnamayee Mishra was joined service in 1978, working as a peon in the department of architecture, Government of Orissa. She applied to be promoted to the post of …
CASE COMMENT Jyostnamayee Mishra Versus The State of Odisha and Others Read More »
ABSTRACT This research discuss the scope and restrictions of freedom of speech in recent times.Freedom of speech and expression, enshrined under Article 19(1)(a) of the Indian Constitution, serves as one of the pillars of Democracy .The constitution provides some fundamental rights to citizen but they are subject to restrictions to maintain the peace and public …
FREEDOM OF EXPRESSION IN CONFLICT: JUDICIAL TRENDS IN POST-2022 INDIA. Read More »
ABSTRACT India’s prison administration stems from colonial-era laws, which introduced a more institutionalised system of prisons to maintain law and order. It aimed to incorporate a uniform set of rules for the prison administration that inclined towards a punitive approach. This research paper aims to critically evaluate the extent to which India has aligned its …
CRIMINALISATION OF CHEQUE DISHONOUR IN INDIA: A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF SECTION 138 OF THE NEGOTIABLE INSTRUMENTS ACT,1881 ABSTRACT Negotiable instruments are one of the most essential tools used in financial transactions that take place in India, with cheques being the most used instruments. Even so, the rising number of dishonored cheques due to insufficient funds …
ABSTRACT This research paper explores the legal issue around the inheritance of digital assets in India, with a focus on Youtube channels .While Indian law recognizes the inheritance of physical and intellectual property, there is no clear recognition for digital assets in statutes that makes the management of the accounts after the user’s death subject …
SUCCESSION IN THE DIGITAL ERA: LEGAL CHALLENGES OF INHERITING MONETIZED YOUTUBE CHANNELS Read More »
_________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, established in 2016, was created to consolidate the scattered insolvency and bankruptcy structure into one unified legislation. A primary goal of this Code is to protect creditor rights and interests. It was formulated to overcome the limitations and ineffective aspects of previous insolvency regulations by departing from the …
Abstract: The POCSO Act, 2012, was introduced by the Indian legislature to address increasing cases of child sexual abuse, particularly against girls. The law defines a comprehensive range of offences, establishing child-friendly procedures and Special Courts for the speedy disposal of cases. Despite significant legal advancements, implementation challenges persist. This research uses a doctrinal and …
PROTECTION OF WOMEN UNDER POCSO ACT: EFFECTIVENESS AND CHALLENGES Read More »
ABSTRACT The “Rights of Man” theory has developed in the Enlightenment revolutions and then found a place in the contemporary constitutional democracies, such as India. The Indian Constitution promises a wide range of fundamental rights with the ethos of liberty, equality, justice, and dignity the very values constituting the substance of the Rights of Man. …
OM PRAKASH @ ISRAEL @ RAJU @ RAJU DAS …APPELLANT(S) VERSUS UNION OF INDIA & ANR. …RESPONDENT(S) CITATION 2025 INSC 43 BENCH Justice M.M. SundreshJustice Aravind Kumar JUDGEMENT January 8, 2025 COUNSEL FOR THE APPELLANT Dr. S. Muralidhar, Senior Advocate COUNSELS FOR THE RESPONDENTS Mr. K.M. Nataraj, Additional Solicitor General (ASG)Ms. Vanshaja Shukla, Advocate FACTS: …
CASE COMMENT RAJU DAS…APPELLANT VERSUS UNION OF INDIA & ANR. Read More »
AUTHOR Name: Anish College: PUSSGRC, Hoshiarpur (Panjab University) Semester & Year: 6th Semester & 3rd Year ABSTRACT In the digital age, children are spending more time online for socializing, learning, and playing. Kids can gather and understand a vast amount online, but they are also more exposed to risks because of it. When proper security …
TITLE: Lack of Legal Protection for Men in India against Marital Cruelty ABSTRACT Marital cruelty directed at men is a growing concern in discussions about justice. This research thoroughly looks at the lack of legal protection for men in India when they face cruelty in marriage. Unlike women, who have specific protections under Section 498A …
Research Paper: No Protection for Men in India against Marital Cruelty Read More »
Abstract: Every day across Indian cities, a few people carry bags of leftover food or packets of biscuits, walk quietly to street corners, and feed the dogs and cats no one else cares about. They don’t do it for praise—they do it because they feel it’s the right thing to do. But instead of support, …
“Voice for the Voiceless: Why India’s Animal Cruelty Laws Need Urgent Reform” Read More »
ABSTRACT Round Tripping is a practice that involves circular flow of money. It can be simply understood as when money generated in India is invested in another country through channels such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) or Foreign Portfolio Investment (FPI) is reinvested back in India. Though round tripping is not explicitly prohibited in India, …
ROUND TRIPPING AND THE LEGAL GAPS BETWEEN FEMA AND TAX LAWS IN INDIA Read More »
Abstract The intersection of hate speech and free speech in Indian jurisprudence represents one of the most challenging constitutional dilemmas of our time. As India grapples with increasing communal tensions and the rapid proliferation of digital platforms, the courts find themselves walking a tightrope between protecting fundamental rights and maintaining social harmony. Common people often …
Hate Speech vs. Free Speech: The Blurred Line in Indian Jurisprudence Read More »
ABSTRACT Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) emerged as a prominent mechanism for resolving legal disputes through digital means, such as virtual hearings, electronic filings, and online conferencing tools. In light of the Indian judiciary’s chronic backlog and prolonged trial timelines, ODR presents a viable solution to address inefficiencies in traditional court systems. This paper traces the …
ABOUT THE CASE: Title: Vihan Kumar vs The State of Haryana Citation: 2025 INSC 162 Jurisdiction: Criminal Appellate Jurisdiction Date of the Judgment: 07th February 2025 Bench: Justice Abhay S. Oka Petitioner: Vihan Kumar Respondent: The State of Haryana Legal Provisions Involved: Article 22 of the Constitution of India, Sub-section (1) of Section 41 of …
Vihan Kumar vs The State of Haryana on 7th February, 2025 Read More »
Supreme Court of India, Civil Appeal No. 5783 of 2022, judgment dated 23 August 2022 For Special Leave Petition– Bench: Hima Kohli, Krishna Murari, N.V. Ramana Review Order dated 18 October 2024 For Review Petition– Bench: Pamidighantam Sri Narasimha, Dhananjaya Y Chandrachud FACTS OF THE CASE In relation to tax enforcement, corporate structuring, and constitutional …
UNION OF INDIA V. M/S. GANPATI DEALCOM PVT. LTD. Read More »
NARENDER KUMAR GOSWAMI VS UNION OF INDIA (2025) Court: Supreme Court of IndiaDate of Decision: 16 May 2025 Case No: Writ Petition (Civil) No. 300 of 2025Hon’ble Bench: Justice Surya Kant, Justice Nongmeikapam Kotiswar SinghPetitioner: Narendra Kumar Goswami (Advocate, U.P. Bar Council)Respondent: Union of India & Others Statutes & Provisions Referred: Information Technology Act, 2000 …
CASE COMMENTARY NARENDER KUMAR GOSWAMI VS UNION OF INDIA (2025) Read More »
Abstract India’s rapid urbanization has fueled the growth of informal settlements, posing a significant challenge to urban governance and human rights. This research paper critically analyzes the legal framework of slum rehabilitation in India, examining the evolution of policy and it’s real world implementation. This paper scrutinizes persistent implementation challenges, including insecure land tenure, bureaucratic …
CITATION – MANU/SC/0041/2025 CORAM – Justice M.M. Sundresh and Justice Arvind Kumar DECIDED ON – January 8, 2025 INTRODUCTION – The Supreme Court of India delivered the judgement on January 8, 2025 which is built on the basic principles of juvenile justice. This case commentary brings out the intricate details of the ruling which pointed …
Citation: AIRONLINE 2019 SC 1452, 2020 (2) SCC 338, (2019) 16 SCALE 1, (2019) 4 MAD LJ (CRI) 539 Bench: Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi, Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul, Justice K.M. Joseph The rationale of the Yashwant Sinha v. CBI (2019) judgment on April 10, 2019, is founded on the following core legal principles: The case …
Yashwant Sinha vs Central Bureau Of Investigation Read More »
S.L.P. (Crl.) No. 4463 of 2025 (India, decided July 19, 2025) (Supreme Court of India) 1. FACTS In this case, The Supreme Court heard bail plea of Kailash Ramchandani, a Naxal sympathizer from Gadchiroli in Maharashtra accused of IED blast in 2019 killing 15 policemen of quick response team. Kailash Ramchandani was booked under the …
INTRODUCTION In the matrimonial alliance the couple are tend to be together and supporting each other till the end of their lives.Marriage in Indian system is told and believed to be a sacred code of conduct and its the union of minds and is often based on self respect ,love ,affection and harmony in the …
Abstract In India, nowadays Climate litigation is not only confined to traditional environmental disputes but is interlaced with constitutional and human rights. Supreme Court as well as High Courts, acts as proactive institution while interpreting environmental rights under Article 21 of the Constitution of India. This undermines the fact that while judicial activism has contributed …
Climate Litigation in India: Rising Judicial Activism or Executive Failure? Read More »
Chapter xx of Indian Penal Code 1860 ABSTRACT Starting my abstract with a strong quote which goes by “the best place to live is where women walk freely ,speak boldly ,and are treated equally,”.Marriages are said to be made in heaven ,unfortunately some are unlucky in this beautiful stage of their life . Vows are …
OFFENCES RELATED TO MARRIAGE Chapter xx of Indian Penal Code 1860 Read More »
~Remsha Pathan Abstract Trademarks were created to assist people remember the quality and identity of a brand, making it easier for them to tell one brand from another. So far, India has provided strong protection for conventional trademarks such as words, colors, labels, names, and symbols. Indian trademark legislation currently falls short in offering sufficient …
The Criminal Justice of India relies profoundly upon the principle of impartial investigation and due process of law. Yet, in various number of cases in the Indian territory the accused are acquitted or discharged due to the lapses in the procedure that has to be followed by the police during the course of investigation and …
Abstract The rapid growth of the digital economy has revealed fundamental weakness in conventional international tax systems, which led various countries to implement Digital Services Taxes (DSTs) as a measure to guarantee equitable taxation of global digital business. However, these unilateral tax actions have led to legal and trade issues, specifically whether they are consistent …
Digital Services Taxes and WTO Rules: Conflict or Coexistence Read More »
Abstract – The paper deals with the comparative and critical analysis of previous provisions of section 167 of CrPC to section 187 of BNSS and analyse if the modified section fails or succeeds to resolve the issue of overcrowding in jail ? The paper explicitly shows that the NCRB report has proved that 75% of …
Abstract The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016, is landmark legislation. This consolidated statute establishes a uniform framework for insolvency and bankruptcy matters concerning corporate entities, limited liability partnerships, partnership firms, and individuals. The Fresh Start process, as enshrined in Chapter II of Part III of the Code, offers debtors an opportunity to manage debts …
Critical Analysis of Fresh Start Process under IBC, 2016 Read More »
NIKITHA KOTTESWARAN ABSTRACT: Medical negligence is a burning problem in India, where the medical profession with its noble status is under fire because of cases of malpractices leading to the harm or death of the patient. In the current paper, the legal system pertaining to the rule of medical negligence/malpractice focused in India is addressed, …
MEDICAL NEGLIGENCE LAWS IN INDIA: A COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS Read More »
M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (2020)About the case: 1) Case Title- M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (2020)2) Citations- AIR online 2020 SC 6843) Jurisdiction- Original Jurisdiction under Ar. 324) Date of Judgement- 21st March 20245) Bench- Justice Arun Mishra, Justice B.R. Gavai, Justice Krishna Murari6) Petitioners- M.C. Mehta7) Respondent – Union of India8) …
CASE COMMENTARY M.C. Mehta v. Union of India (2020) Read More »
Facts Omkar Gond, the appellant, was born into a middle-class family in Latur, Maharashtra. He scored 97.2% in his tenth standard examinations. Following surgery for a bilateral cleft palate, the appellant was diagnosed with hypernasality and misarticulation. This condition causes excessive nasal resonance during speech and makes certain sounds unclear or difficult to understand, which …