Abstract The history of deep and dark web started way back from the 1960s, it is an invention used by the military, when they were dealing with the Cold War. This technology made it possible to transfer information across vast distances, eliminating the need for direct phone links between computers, while maintaining user anonymity. deep …
Navigating the shadows: The legal position of the Dark Web in Indian Law Read More »
In Re: Contagion of COVID-19 Virus in Prisons (2020) FACTS Back in March 2020, as the world faced the chaos of the first wave of COVID-19, the Supreme Court of India took a significant and unusual step. Without waiting for anyone to file a petition, it began suo motu proceedings, disturbed by the severe threat …
CASE COMMENT In Re: Contagion of COVID-19 Virus in Prisons (2020) Read More »
Abstract This paper explores the dynamic discourse on men’s right to alimony in the Indian legal framework. It aims at highlighting the urgent need for gender neutral maintenance laws, despite the statutes like the Hindu marriage act, 1955, use gender neutral language, but the society still adopts this provision only limited to women. Through doctrinal …
Men’s Right to Alimony: Reimagining Gender Neutrality in Indian Family Law Read More »
ABSTRACT This paper explores the Aparajita Women and Child (West Bengal Criminal Laws Amendment) Bill of 2024, which was introduced after the R.G. Kar case that shocked the whole nation. This bill provides a strong legal framework against gender-based violence and focuses on the protection of women and children effectively. It also represents more strict …
Abstract This research paper examines the Waqf Act of 1993 in India, tracing its historical origins, evolution through various amendments, and impact on Muslim communities and Indian society. The study analyses why India needed waqf legislation, how different political administrations have approached waqf governance, and the benefits derived by various stakeholders. India’s amendments to waqf …
Legal and Constitutional Analysis of Hindi Imposition in India Abstract “One Nation, One Language” is the idea of Hindi being promoted as official language in the name of national integration. It is the first step towards declaring it to be the national language of India. This idea may be suitable for countries like Japan or …
One Nation, One Language Legal and Constitutional Analysis of Hindi Imposition in India Read More »
ABSTRACT After serving as a source of alternative capital, private equity has now become one of the greatest pillars of the financial structure worldwide, propelling entrepreneurship, innovation, and economic development. The comparative evaluation of private equity laws was undertaken in India as juxtaposed with the U.S., U.K., and Singapore. It shall try to evaluate the …
Abstract The enactment of the Companies Act 2013, enabled India to have a modern legislation for the growth and regulation of the corporate sector in India. It aims to enhance accountability, transparency, and broad effectiveness across organizations. This paper examines the effectiveness of corporate governance mechanisms of the Companies Act 2013, focusing on the important …
Effectiveness of Corporate Governance Mechanism Post Companies Act, 2013 Read More »
ABSTRACT The Indian legal system, deeply rooted in colonial legacies, faces challenges in aligning with the country’s socio-cultural diversity and democratic ethos. Historically, British-imposed laws like the Indian Penal Code prioritized control over reform, ignoring India’s pluralistic traditions. Post-independence, these codified systems were retained for administrative convenience, yet their alien framework, legal jargon, and …
ABSTRACT Judicial recusal, crucial for upholding judicial impartiality as well as public trust, is an infrequently implemented and mysterious procedure in India’s Supreme Court. In contrast to other legal systems like the U.S. and U.K., which have a codified system (e.g., 28 U.S.C. § 455) and open methods of transparency, India employs discretionary, unreasoned recusals …
ARTICLE 142 Abstract Article 142 of the Indian Constitution grants the Supreme Court wide-ranging powers to pass any decree or order necessary for doing “complete justice” in a case[^1]. It serves as a tool to overcome legal and procedural limitations in the interest of equity and fairness. This unique constitutional provision has played a vital …
Abstract The Waqf (Amendment) Act is a significant legal reform focusing on the improvement of waqf property management in India. Waqf is the Islamic tradition of undertaking the donation of properties or assets for religious or charitable performances. Sadly, in the past, these properties have seen misuse, illegal occupation, and poor supervision. The 2025 amendment …
The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025: A Step Towards Inclusive Governance? Read More »
Abstract With the advent of social media, the terminology of free speech has changed drastically. The fundamental rights have guaranteed the freedom of speech to us. As online platforms turn into hubs for public discussion, they bring about challenges in finding the right balance between freedom of expression and issues like misinformation, hate speech, and …
Abstract The battlegrounds of India’s history and the respect given to women in them is a matter of universal recognition but at the same time, being a patriarchal society, the atrocities committed against women are also not hidden from anyone, be it the four walls of the house or the society, the atrocities committed against …
Crimes Against Women in India: A Criminological and Legal Analysis Read More »
Author: Vipul Singh Course: B.BA LL.B(Hons.), 3rd Year Institution: The ICFAI University, Dehradun Abstract The enactment of the Mediation Act, 2023 marks a transformative moment in India’s legal landscape by formally recognizing mediation as an effective and independent method of dispute resolution. This paper explores the historical evolution of mediation in India, the rationale behind …
The Mediation Act, 2023: A New Era for Dispute Resolution in India Read More »
Gender Justice or Gender Bias?…Men’s Rights and the Impact of Recent Criminal Law Reforms Abstract The research paper delves into gender bias in legal framework of India , particularly highlighting discriminatory provision against men. It exposes societal and legal assumptions that primarily identifies women as victims and result in uneven legal protections. The major areas …
Abstract India’s waqf institutions are one of the largest non-governmental landowners, holding over 870,000 properties spread across 940,000 acres. These institutions face significant difficulties related to governance, financial management, and legal disputes despite their enormous potential for community development. The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025, aims to fix these problems by making changes that make Waqf …
Title – Governance and Management of Waqf Boards in India: Read More »
ABSTRACT: The swift expansion of cryptocurrencies has notably influenced financial systems across the globe, creating new opportunities for corporate investment strategies. Within the Indian context, this digital evolution brings forth specific regulatory hurdles, particularly regarding the involvement of corporate entities in cryptocurrency trading and assets. This study explores the complex legal framework surrounding the use …
CRYPTOCURRENCY AND CORPORATE INVESTMENTS: REGULATORY CHALLENGES IN INDIA Read More »
ABSTRACT This study explores the complex and polarizing issue of caste-based reservations in Indian higher education from a constitutional standpoint. For decades, these reservations have been a significant and controversial policy in India, designed to rectify historical social injustices and disparities. The primary objective of this paper is to critically evaluate the constitutional validity of …
ABSTRACT This paper examines the evolution, feasibility, benefits, and challenges of Multi-Disciplinary Practices (MDP) within the Indian legal profession. Rapid globalization, technological advances, and increased demand for integrated professional services have made MDPs an attractive model worldwide. In jurisdictions such as the United Kingdom, Australia, and certain U.S. states, MDPs and Alternative Business Structures (ABS) …
MULTI-DISCIPLINARY PRACTICES (MDP) IN THE INDIAN LEGAL PROFESSION Read More »
ABSTRACT The research paper explores the impact of the new taxation bill. The New Taxation Bill 2025 is one of the milestones in the reform agenda for corporate tax in India. It attempts to simplify tax systems, optimize rates, and improve the country’s standing with regards to investment on a global scale. This paper seeks …
ABSTRACT The origin of the theory of the punishment to the Indian judiciary imbibing establishing death punishment a valid legal form of punishment in the landmark judgement of Bachan singh case This case introduced the idea of “Rarest of the rare,” which sets strict conditions for when the death penalty can be applied, to the …
ABSTRACT The Waqf Act 2025 has evolved as an important topic of development in our country. Since centuries the Islam has been deeply rooted but today debates have reignited about the minority rights and religious community. The topic in news is the amendment of waqf act 2025 which aims to impose a higher control on …
LANGUAGE DISPUTE BETWEEN MAHARASHTRA AND KARNATAKA ABSTRACT The long-standing language dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka, centered around the Belagavi region, represents one of India’s most complex and enduring inter-state conflicts. Rooted in the States Reorganisation Act of 1956, the dispute arose when Belagavi—despite having a significant Marathi-speaking population—was merged with Karnataka (then Mysore). Maharashtra has …
TITLE LANGUAGE DISPUTE BETWEEN MAHARASHTRA AND KARNATAKA Read More »
ABSTRACT In India, stand-up comedy has quickly transformed from unstructured performances to a potent social critique tool that combines humor with comments on social norms, politics, and religion. As comedians continue to push the limits of free speech, they often run afoul of moral and legal standards of obscenity that have their roots in colonial-era …
PUNCHLINES AND PENAL CODES: LEGAL CHALLENGES TO STAND-UP COMEDY IN CONTEMPORARY INDIA Read More »
Synopsis; ABSTRACT This paper understands that the existence of a divide between the innovative ideas and the content made by technology ; the best example of which is the pair of Independent artists and AI based artists. The music industry is a multi-billion dollar market that has stemmed from the pursuit of a hobby to …
Is the Indian Music and OTT industry stifling Innovation or Protecting It? Read More »
Abstract Public shaming as punishment acquired attention in recent years when Indian courts sporadically employed it as a substitute for the ancient punitive method of jail or fine. The article critically analyzes if public shaming can be incorporated in India’s constitutional scheme of affairs, particularly in the area of human dignity, equality, and personal liberty. …
WRITTEN BY SONAM KUMARI Course- “BBA.LLB” BATCH-2024-29 SYMBIOSIS INTERNATIONAL DEEMED UNIVERSITY SYMBIOSIS LAW SCHOOL, NOIDA KEYWORDS ABSTRACT This study anchors the analysis of fake review in India and its regulatory framework, dissecting key legislations such as Indian Contract Act, 1872, which criminalizes fraudulent inducement (Section 17) and empowers deceived buyers to void contracts (section 19). …
TRUST TRADED FOR CLICKS; EXAMINING CONTRACTUAL LIABILITIES IN FAKE E-COMMERCE REVIEWS Read More »
Arnav Gupta (Student, NMIMS Kirit P Mehta School of Law, Mumbai) Abstract: The aircraft business is a capital-intensive, low-margin industry that depends significantly on leasing structures to expand operations in an efficient manner. IndiGo Airlines, India’s biggest commercial airline, has used aircraft leasing strategically to construct and maintain an affordable, fuel-efficient, and scalable fleet. This …
IndiGo’s Aircraft Leasing and Acquisition: A Legal Perspective Read More »
Abstract This case examines the Governor’s constitutional duties and responsibility in relation to state legislative assent under Article 200 of the Indian Constitution. The Supreme Court examined the acts of the Governor of Tamil Nadu, who postponed and later refused to sign ten measures that were approved by the State Legislature. Following a re-examination, the …
Abstract Dark humor, which deals with taboo subjects and challenges societal norms, has been both a source of entertainment and controversy. While it can address important societal issues, it can also be offensive to some due to its subjective nature. The term “dark humor” was coined by André Breton in 1935, and it has evolved …
“Today’s children are tomorrow’s citizens”1 said by the first Prime Minister of India, Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru. The future of the country is in the hands of the future citizens. Every one among three people operating the internet is a child. This paper focuses on the exposure of children towards the cyber world and examines how …
ABSTARCT Marriages are said to be made in heaven. In the Indian society marriage is the purest form of binding two individual. Marriage is an institution that gives social, cultural and legal recognition to two individual. Even though in some society marriage is a contract which gives them permission to have sexual intercourse with each …
SHOULD UNNATURAL SEXUAL INTERCOURSE BY HUSBAND CONSIDERD AS MARITAL RAPE Read More »
ABSTRACT: Social media, in today’s digital world, has become an indispensable aspect of daily life, revolutionizing communication, sharing information, and self-expression. Though social media websites provide numerous advantages, they are also extremely harmful to privacy rights. The current paper analyzes the role of social media on privacy rights and highlights both the pros and cons. …
IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON PRIVACY RIGHTS: A DIGITAL DILEMMA Read More »
Abstract The Indian criminal justice system is facing critical challenges, including the misuse of sedition laws, prolonged delays in capital punishment cases, and severe prison overcrowding. The arbitrary application of sedition laws has led to the suppression of free speech, prompting judicial scrutiny and legislative reconsideration. Delays in death penalty executions continue to raise human …
AbstractWith notable breakthroughs in industries including healthcare, banking, transportation, and entertainment, artificial intelligence (AI) has quickly changed a number of areas. However, a number of ethical and legal issues have been brought up by its broad usage. This study examines the relationship between AI, ethics, and the law, emphasizing the difficulties in policing AI and …
Artificial Intelligence: Legal challenges and ethical issues Read More »
“The concept compulsory licensing provides a comprehensive regulatory framework for assessing the patented invention and employing them for societal development and using the invention in the public interest at large without any prerequisite condition of approaching the patent holder for his consent”. Needless to say, the concept of patents grants the patent holder monopolistic hold …
AbstractThe Tenth Schedule of the Indian Constitution, was introduced through the 52nd Amendment Act of 1985. It was enacted to restrict political defections, which form an important part of parliamentary democracy. Ensuring legislative stability was an aim of the act. A very significant part of the schedule is the Speaker’s discretionary power to decide on …
Keywords: Panopticon, Surveillance, Ethical Dilemmas, Privacy, Big Data, Legal Boundaries Abstract The quintessential argument of this paper is that we stand at a Panoptic dilemma, a crossroads where the benefits of surveillance would clash with its costs. By launching an interrogation of the legal boundaries of the subject and its ethical quandaries, the paper aims …
The Panoptic Dilemma: Legal Boundaries and Ethical Quandaries of Modern Surveillance. Read More »
Abstract The global healthcare landscape id deeply influenced by Intellectual Property Rights (IPR), especially patents, which grant exclusive monopoly over life-saving drugs. While IPRs serve to incentivize innovation, it often creates a stark inequity, particularly in low and middle-income countries where the burden of disease is high but access to essential medicines remains limited. This …
ABSTRACTIn India’s intricate legal fabric, when a lens is placed for scrutinizing the thread between the Right to Abortion of transgender and Constitutional Values, it appears as a dramatic entwinement between cultural shift and legal doctrines. This exhaustive study attempts to create a balanced narrative around the various façades of this emotionally delicate and nuanced …
Abstract The balance between freedom of speech and hate speech regulation has become a critical challenge in the digital age, where the proliferation of online platforms amplifies both democratic discourse and harmful rhetoric. This research paper explores the delicate balance between freedom of speech and hate speech under Indian law. It delves into the legal framework …
Hate Speech in India: Navigating the fine line between Freedom and Regulation Read More »
ABSTRACT The rise of digital assets, including cryptocurrencies, NFTs (Non-Fungible Tokens), and tokenized securities, has created significant legal challenges concerning ownership rights, taxation, and regulatory compliance. As these assets exist outside traditional financial systems, governments worldwide are grappling with defining their legal nature, enforceability, and liability. This paper explores whether digital assets constitute property, securities, …
THE LEGAL STATUS OF DIGITAL ASSETS: NAVIGATING OWNERSHIP, TAXATION, AND REGULATION Read More »
ABSTRACT The International Court of Justice (ICJ) gave an historic advisory opinion in 2024, which maintained that Israel’s occupation of Palestinian lands since 1967 is against international law. This paper addresses the legal basis of the ICJ decision, its implications for state responsibility, and its broader implications for international law. The weakness of advisory opinions …
ABSTRACT: Digital markets broadly refer to the online platforms where goods, services and information are exchanged. These markets encompass a wide range of services in various forms including e-commerce platforms, social media handles, online advertisements and digital content distributions. The exponential growth of digital markets has transformed the global economy in a never expected manner, …
DIGITAL MARKETS AND COMPETITION LAWS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES Read More »
ABSTRACT: Maintaining societal order, peace, and harmony is the primary and fundamental objective of law. Aristotle, the renowned Greek philosopher, stated, “Man, when perfected, is the best of animals.” However, he also warned that without law and justice, humans can become the worst of all. When intelligence and morality are misused for injustice, the consequences …
Name of the author: Adhila Fathima. I Designation: 3rd year student of BA LLB at Chennai Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Pudupakkam. Title of the paper: UNMASKING BIAS IN AI: PROTECTING EQUALITY IN THE ERA OF AUTOMATION Contact: iqbaladhila171@gmail.com , 9487375874 UNMASKING BIAS IN AI: PROTECTING EQUALITY IN THE ERA OF AUTOMATION Abstract The increasing …
UNMASKING BIAS IN AI: PROTECTING EQUALITY IN THE ERA OF AUTOMATION Read More »
ABSTRACT This article delves into the extensive array of intellectual property factors associated with AI-generated creations, concentrating on the subtle complexities of copyright law. The growing influence of Artificial Intelligence across various fields, including medical science, transportation, aviation, space exploration, education, entertainment (encompassing music, art, games, and films), and industry, has significantly altered our daily …
Abstract There are crimes in this world since time immemorial. People around the globe are either committing or are being subjected to crime. But when the motive of conducting a crime is mere the “identity” of a person then the offence Hate Crime comes into force. Hate crime can range from assault and physical violence …
HATE CRIMES: HISTORY, TYPES, LEGISLATION, AND FURTHER LEGAL POLICIES Read More »
ABSTRACT: Blockchain technology has emerged as a disruptive force with the potential to revolutionize intellectual property (IP) management by addressing several longstanding challenges such as piracy, counterfeit goods, rights management, and ownership verification. This research explores the applications of blockchain in the field of intellectual property, emphasizing how its decentralized, immutable, and transparent nature can …
TITLE: LEGAL ANALYSIS ON BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY Read More »
ABSTRACT Homicide is a fundamental concept in criminal law, encompassing various offenses with differing levels of culpability based on intent, circumstances, and consequences. The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) classifies homicide into culpable homicide and murder, each carrying distinct legal implications. This paper critically examines these distinctions under Indian law, exploring how courts have interpreted and …
ABSTRACT In criminal law, the defense of intoxication has been a contentious and intricate doctrine that seeks to balance the twin ideals of individual accountability and mental incapacity considerations. Courts around the globe face challenges in determining whether intoxication should be treated as a mitigating factor, a partial defense, or a complete absolution of criminal …
THE IMPACT OF GENERATIVE AI ON PEOPLE MANAGEMENT IN COMPLIANCE WITH CYBER LAW The rapid integration of Generative AI (GenAI) into people management processes offers significant benefits in terms of efficiency, cost reduction, and personalized employee experiences. However, its widespread adoption also raises serious concerns about compliance with cyber laws and data protection regulations. This …
THE IMPACT OF GENERATIVE AI ON PEOPLE MANAGEMENT IN COMPLIANCE WITH CYBER LAW Read More »
Name :Tejashwini.P BBA LLB 4TH YEAR ISBR LAW COLLEGE Topic: cyber crime Date:17/03/2024 CYBER CRIME IMPLICATIONS ON SOCIETY Cybercrime are defined as criminal offence or unlawful act where the pc is Employed either as a tool, a target or both. Cyber attacks have already caused considerable damage and amount to detail- retail banking, mainly through …
Abstract The right to a fair trial is a fundamental principle of justice, recognized globally as a cornerstone of human rights. It is one essential justice element that is acknowledged worldwide as a pillar of human rights. Every person accused of a crime in India is guaranteed a fair and unbiased hearing because this right …
The Right to Fair Trial in India: Challenges & Safeguards in the Criminal Justice System Read More »
Abstract: Same-sex marriage means the union of two individuals of the same sex who choose to have their relationship legally and socially recognized as marriage. Recently this has gained remarkable attention across India. Even after the “Johar judgment” of 2018, which partially repealed Section 377 of the Indian Penal Code, decriminalizing consensual homosexual acts between …
A study on Same Sex-Marriage in the Indian Context Read More »
ABSTRACT This research paper elucidates that the advent of AI has made a huge impact on the legal system in India, with emphasis on the potential legislative and regulatory architecture concerning data privacy and intellectual property issues. As technologies develop quickly through AI, newer challenges and opportunities are posed that require an urgent reassessment of …
“EFFECTIVENESS OF CRIMINAL LAW (AMENDMENT) ACT, 2018 UPON THE CRIMES AGAINST WOMEN” ABSTRACT: At the moment, India is growing and developing in every way, and even the rest of the globe is observing its development and moving closer to globalization. Nonetheless, there is a phenomenon or area in which India is experiencing deterioration in their …
Abstract The relationship between patients and doctors is at the heart of healthcare, built on trust, ethics, and legal rights. Patients have the right to quality treatment, informed consent, and protection from medical negligence, while doctors need the freedom to make professional decisions without fear of undue pressure or legal threats. However, in a country …
“The Legal Dilemma Between Patient Rights & Medical Practitioners Rights” Read More »
ABSTRACT The Indian judiciary, known for its independence and extensive jurisdiction, faces a significant challenge—judicial delays. With a backlog of over 4.4 crore cases, the slow dispensation of justice impacts the rule of law and public confidence in the legal system. This paper explores the causes of judicial delays, examines recent legal reforms and technological …
Abstract Deepfake technology, driven by artificial intelligence, has greatly changed digital media but also created serious cybersecurity risks. The growing use of deepfakes for fraud, identity theft, misinformation, and non-consensual content has raised major concerns about privacy violations, financial crimes, and legal responsibility. This paper examines the legal impact of deepfake fraud under India’s Information …
Abstract Indian law treats law as a noble profession, not as a commercial business, so legal advertising has long been banned. However, in the light of evolving legal landscapes and digital advancements, the restriction is raising issues around access to legal services and transparency and competition. The intention of this research paper is to critically analyse and …
ABSTRACT In today’s digital world, the protection of an individual’s digital personal data is of paramount importance. Various factors have contributed to this situation. The increasing digital population is one of the major reasons for this, as the availability of an individual’s personal data in the digital arena is increasing day by day. These data …
ABSTRACT The Indian judiciary, known for its independence and extensive jurisdiction, faces a significant challenge—judicial delays. With a backlog of over 4.4 crore cases, the slow dispensation of justice impacts the rule of law and public confidence in the legal system. This paper explores the causes of judicial delays, examines recent legal reforms and technological …