Publications

Abstract: The global financial system has seen revolutionary shifts as a result of cryptocurrencies, which are driven by the development of blockchain technology. Regulators, however, face formidable obstacles as a result of this innovation, since they must strike a careful balance between promoting technology advancement and guaranteeing strong security and compliance. This study examines various …

“The legal implications of cryptocurrency regulation” Read More »

Abstract   The 21st century has witnessed a sudden move in climate-induced disasters such as rising sea levels, glacier recession, extreme flooding, drought, tsunamis, and other natural calamities that have provoked a large-scale displacement across the globe. In India these phenomena have forced many people to leave their houses not due to war and conflict but …

CLIMATE REFUGEES AND THE RIGHT TO REHABILITATIVE CITIZENSHIP IN INDIA  Read More »

 ABSTRACT The explosion of hate speech episodes in India in 2024 has cast a new doctrine of constitutional thought in an exigent reconsideration. In the given article, the author investigates what extent current legal and constitutional tools could balance the rights and interests of free expression and requirement of the state to restrain hate speech …

Hate Speech Laws in India: Striking the Constitutional Balance After 2024’s Surge Read More »

Abstract  One of the most debated issues in present day India is the one of citizenship. While the Articles 5 to 11 of the Citizenship Act, 1955 clearly defines who can be called a citizen in India, many controversies have come to the fore with the passing of CAA in December, 2019. Alongside this, there …

The Constitutional Validity of NRC and its implementation in Assam  Read More »

ABSTRACT India’s response to sophisticated financial crime relies heavily on the Prevention of Money-Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA) and since 2023, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS). Both instruments grant extraordinary investigative and preventive detention powers, particularly to the Enforcement Directorate (ED). This paper interrogates whether these powers are reconcilable with the due-process guarantees embodied in the Constitution. It analyses …

TITLE: White-Collar Crime and Preventive Detention in India: A Constitutional Appraisal of   PMLA, ED Powers, and BNS Provisions. Read More »

Minors are increasingly participating in cyberspace as both users and criminals as a result of the growing digitization of daily life. Juvenile cybercrimes, such as identity theft, hacking, online fraud, and cyberbullying, present particular difficulties for conventional juvenile justice systems, which are sometimes unprepared to handle the nexus of child psychology and technological misbehaviour. The …

Caught in the Web: Reforming Juvenile Justice for Cyber Offences — India, Singapore, and South Africa in Comparative Perspective . Read More »

Abstract: This paper explains the importance of due diligence in the field of Intellectual Property Law and why it is necessary. Due diligence or in short “DD” is a tool used by buyers, while purchasing a company. This paper will explore how due diligence impact on Intellectual Property It helps them to know whether the …

Application of due diligence in IPR: A necessity in Protecting Intellectual Properties Read More »

Author : Prabhat Kumar Abstract : This paper explores the profound implications of digitalization on corporate governance. It delves into the potential for digitalization to enhance market supervision, enforce corporate governance requirements, improve disclosure efficiency, facilitate remote and hybrid participation in shareholder meetings, manage digital security risks, and stimulate the development of primary public equity …

Recent Trends and Advancement in Corporate Laws and Governance Read More »

Abstract The most basic principle of arbitration is party autonomy or party self-determination, it gives the parties the freedom to decide the terms and condition of their arbitration agreement, such as process of resolving their dispute. Such as determining the seat, the laws and so forth. As advantageous as it sounds on the other hand …

The Inclusion of Non-Signatories in Arbitration: Doctrines, Disputes and Developments Read More »

The doctrine of corporate veil is a cornerstone of company law, which upholds the principle that a corporation is a separate legal entity distinct from its shareholders, directors, and promoters. Rooted within the landmark English case of Salomon v. A. Salomon & Co. Ltd. (1897), this legal fiction has facilitated the development of contemporary trade …

Title: The Doctrine of Corporate Veil: Evolution and Current Position in India Read More »

ABSTRACT India’s rapid digital transformation has brought immense opportunities but also exposed glaring vulnerabilities in its cyber legal framework. This research paper critically examines the evolution and current state of India’s cyber laws, particularly the Information Technology Act, 2000, and the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023. While these laws laid foundational groundwork, they have …

RESEARCH PAPER: India’s Cyber Laws in the Age of Rising Digital Threats: An Inquiry into Legal Efficiency and Reform. Read More »

ABSTRACT As the legal world grapples with rapid technological change, the concept of a “will” remains largely tied to physical documentation in India. Despite increasing reliance on digital tools for financial and personal matters, digital wills continue to exist in a grey zone, lacking judicial clarity and statutory recognition. This paper investigates whether the Indian …

The Legal Status of Digital Wills in India: Time for Reform? Read More »

Abstract This article examines the constitutional clash between the right to freedom of speech and judicial authority, specifically considering contempt of court laws in India. In particular, the study will examine whether contempt laws, and “scandalising the court” specifically, are aligned with democratic principles and constitutional rights under Article 19(1)(a). The number of contempt proceedings …

Balancing Free Speech and Judicial Authority: A Constitutional Critique of Contempt of Court in India Read More »

ABSTRACT Developments in genetics have raised complex issues regarding human behavior, free will, and legal responsibility. This paper analyses the application of genetic predisposition as a defense in criminal proceedings, contending that it cannot excuse people from liability, but can be used as a mitigating factor in sentencing. This paper seeks to present a balanced …

Criminal Defenses Based on Genetic Predisposition Read More »

ABSTARCT Artificial Intelligence (AI) is characterized by the simulation of human intelligence through machines that learn, think, help and solve problems. In recent years, AI has found a place in the world of law and, especially, the judiciary, providing instruments to expedite court procedures, aid in research, and in the automatic handling of case loads. …

AI in the Judiciary: Prospects and Legal Implications Read More »

ABSTRACT This paper explores the crucial role of corporate governance in the context of Indian startups, a rapidly expanding sector known for innovation but also high risk. Startups, due to their early- stage structure, often lack formal systems, resulting in legal and financial vulnerabilities. The absence of clear governance frameworks can lead to internal conflicts, …

Corporate Governance in Startups: Legal Challenges and Adaptive Models Read More »

Abstract Internet shutdowns, state-imposed disruptions of online connectivity, have become an increasingly common tool of political control. Governments around the world, from democracies to autocracies, invoke shutdowns during unrest or conflict to manage information. This paper examines shutdowns in India and Iran, two prominent cases, to assess their legality under international human rights law, particularly …

Internet Shutdowns and Political Control: A Human Rights Perspective Read More »

Abstract Counterfeit currency prosecutions in India often hinge on how courts draw presumptions of fact from possession, conduct, and surrounding circumstances. While the user‑facing title refers to Section 139 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 (IEA), that provision actually deals with cross‑examination of a person called to produce a document. The true doctrinal engine for …

The Doctrine of Presumption of Fact in Counterfeit Currency Offences: A Critical Analysis (with reference to Section 114 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 / corresponding provisions under the Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023) Read More »

ABSTRACT The  Insolvency  and  Bankruptcy  Code,  established  in  2016,  was  created  to  consolidate  the  scattered  insolvency  and  bankruptcy  structure  into  one  unified  legislation.  A  primary  goal  of  this  Code  is  to  protect  creditor  rights  and  interests.  It  was  formulated  to  overcome  the  limitations  and  ineffective  aspects  of  previous  insolvency  regulations  by  departing  from  the  debtor-in-possession  …

INSOLVENCY AND BANKRUPTANCY CODE IN INDIA: A PARADIGM SHIFT IN CORPORTAE RESOLUTION AND RECOVERY Read More »

Abstract The Waqf (Amendment) Act 2025 has a significant role in Indian legal system. It is also known as The Waqf (Amendment) Bill 2025.It becomes a controversial topic In India. This act governs the Waqf property in India. In a literal sense, waqf means detention. It can be said that Waqf is a property that …

The Waqf Law Reform in India: A Study of the 2025 Amendment Act Read More »

ABSTRACT The Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDPA) is essentially the present vital advancement in India’s data security scene, meant to safeguard personal data while furthering revolution and ease of business. This research paper carries a comparison between DPDPA and the EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) looking at the aspects of convergence: consent …

“India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 vs. the GDPR: Divergence, Convergence, and the Future of Cross-Border Data Regulation” Read More »

Abstract – This research paper investigate the complicated relationship between the waqf a significant Islamic social religious endowment government by specific Indian law and the proposed uniform civil code (Article-44)which aims for a common set of personal laws across all citizens .The key differences is  that the waqf is a religious practice within a specific …

TITLE- THE WAQF AND THE UCC: RECONCILING MINORITY RIGHTS WITH CONSTITUTIONAL UNIFORMITY IN INDIA.  Read More »

Abstract Digital technologies have transformed nearly every aspect of criminal justice, particularly sentencing and correctional practices. This paper examines the “digital prison” concept, a form of surveillance-based punishment featuring electronic monitoring, predictive analytics, and algorithmic decision-making to supplement or replace actual time in jail. The analysis of this paper is on critically examining technologies used …

Digital Jails and the Technology Monitoring in Sentencing: Modifying Current Imprisonment Read More »

1. Abstract The system of Indian Income Tax is going through fundamental change from traditional face to face to the blend of modernization and technology, along with digitalization of public services. This shift of offline to online mode is due to adoption of some global practices where foreign countries used digitalization along with automation to …

Dispute Management under Income Tax Law in the Age of Algorithmic Governance: A Critical Study of Digitalization, Taxpayers Rights and Institutional Challenge in India Read More »

ABSTARCT In the recent decade, there have been a rapid growth in the civil aviation sector which is very evident from the percentage growth in the air traffic where we see a rising concern over the adequacy of the protection  of the passengers from the injury and death caused to them during the travel. This …

Liability of Airlines in Cases of Passenger Injury or Death: A Comparative Study under the Montreal Convention and Indian Law Read More »

ABSTRACT  With the growing reliance on digital platforms in India, incidents of cyberbullying have increased sharply, particularly among young users. It’s an online abuse, especially among the youth, with severe mental, emotional, and social consequences. Despite the rising number of cases, cyberbullying remains a hidden crime and underreported crime. The absence of a specific law …

CYBERBULLYING IN INDIA: A HIDDEN CRIME AND GAPS IN LEGAL PROTECTION  Read More »

Abstract: In today’s digital economy, personal data stands as a pivotal asset with substantial economic and strategic value. Yet, in India, individuals lack legally recognized ownership over this critical resource. This paper advocates for the treatment of personal data as a proprietary right, proposing that individuals be vested with tangible legal entitlements over the data …

Personal data as property : A case for data ownership rights in India. Read More »

Abstract Several countries across the globe have already recognised The Right To Be Forgotten (RTBF) in their data protection frameworks, however, one area in which India has been missing is that there exists no explicit statutory right of recognition. For instance, this issue should ideally be addressed by means of a comprehensive legislative provision instead of disconnected …

Right to Be Forgotten in India: A Missing Piece in the Personal Data Protection Puzzle Read More »

                       ABSTRACT The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (BSA) is the novel legislation that replaces the Indian Evidence Act of 1872 from the colonial rule regarding electronic evidence within the legal landscape of India. It points to the enhanced reliance on such certificates as authentication, technological safeguards beyond these and presumed mechanisms thereof in this new …

RESEARCH PAPER ADMISSIBLITY OF ELECTRONIC EVIDENCE Read More »

NAME- BISWAJIT DASH BRANCH- BBA-LLB SUBMITTED TO-   THE AMIKUS QRIAE ABSTRACT:  The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) 2023 is a major reform of India’s criminal justice system, aimed at updating and streamlining the legal framework to address current concerns. This study investigates the convergence of the BNS 2023 and the fast-changing technological world, with a special …

TOPIC:EXPLORING BHARATIYA NYAYA SANHITA AND THE NEW TECHNOLOGY LANDSCAPE Read More »

ABSTRACT This research paper explores the challenges posed by deep fakes and delves into the existing legalities that respond to their implications in defamation, political misinformation, and consent. Deep fakes refer to fake/ synthetic media created using artificial intelligence and machines that look realistic but are fake images, audio, and videos. Just like the two …

DEEP FAKES AND THE LAW: ANALYSIS OF HOW CURRENT LAWS HANDLE DEEP FAKES IN DEFAMATION, POLITICAL MISINFORMATION, OR CONSENT Read More »

Abstract  This paper delves into a critical examination of the marital remedy of restation of conjugal rights as enshrined in section 9 of the Hindu Marriage Act 1955, tracing its historical context. It also provides an analysis of its evolution. It highlights the debate over whether personal laws are covered under Article 13. It further …

Revisiting Section 9: Gender, Constitutionality, and Reform in Indian Matrimonial Law Read More »

TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NUMBER Introduction 3 Historical background 4 National Perspective 5 Public Perceptions of Stampede-Like Situations: Experiences, Safety Concerns, and Accountability. 7 Global Perspective 11 Social Impact 14 Policy Reforms in India 18 Methodology 19 Conclusion 20 References 20 ABBREVIATIONS AIArtificial IntelligenceBNSBharatiya Nyaya SanhitaCAGComptroller and Auditor GeneralCEDAWConvention on the Elimination …

WHEN PUBLIC SAFETY FAILS: STAMPEDES AS A BREACH OF THE RIGHT TO LIFE AND EQUALITY UNDER THE INDIAN CONSTITUTION Read More »

Abstract The concept of “Waqf” has been developed in Islam. The literal meaning of Waqf is detention and stoppage but in technical sense Waqf denotes dedicating some movable or immovable properties for the religious purpose in perpetuity. These Waqf properties are managed by The Waqf Board which plays an important role in protecting the properties …

The Waqf (Amendment) Act, 2025- An analysis of its impact in India Read More »

Abstract This paper discusses about the new emerging Advocate Protection Act, its key features and over this “The Need For Advocate Protection Act” in detail. As in this current society, where the crime rate is increasing day by day, the importance of Advocates are also increasing. At the same time attacks towards the advocates creating …

NEED FOR ADVOCATE PROTECTION ACT Read More »

This report critically examines the evolving part of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within transnational arbitration, a field decreasingly embracing technological advancements for enhanced effectiveness and cost- effectiveness. It explores current AI operations, similar as document analysis, textbook drafting, legal exploration, and case operation, pressing their transformative eventuality in streamlining disagreement resolution processes. The report scrutinizes the …

The Rise of AI in International Arbitration: Opportunities and Legal Challenges Read More »

ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the reasoning behind the 2023 Supreme Court of India judgement on the judicial acceptance of same sex marriage which has profound consequences for India’s constitutional democracy and social justice. In this case, the Court of Constitution Bench of five judges, ruled with a 5:0 majority that same sex marriages cannot be …

The Supreme Court Verdict on Same-Sex Marriage, 2023: A Critical Constitutional Analysis. Read More »