Facts The case of Shajan Skaria v. State of Kerala is one of disagreement between freedom of the press and the shielding offered under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989 (hereafter “SC/ST Act”). Appellant Shajan Skaria is a journalist as well as the editor of an online news channel, “Marunadan Malayali.” On …
ABSTRACT 1Justice Louie Brandise was famous for saying in his article “THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY” (1890) that privacy is a right that could be summed up in six words, “the right to be let alone”. The right to privacy is crucial in the digital age because it protects individual’s data and information from misuse and …
POSTHUMOUS RIGHT TO PRIVACY IN INDIAN LAW: A CONSTITUTIONAL GAP? Read More »
Abstract Cyberbullying is the intentional use of digital technology against a person in order to harass, threaten or embarrass them. Even though there are certain legislation dedicated to cybercrimes in India, they only safeguard women and the pediatric population neglecting a significant number of adult men and LGBTQ+ victims. This paper will look into the …
Cyberbullying Laws in India: The Missing Legal Shield for Adults Read More »
Abstract Artificial Intelligence has entered the legal field in significant ways, especially through the use of AI-generated data as part of digital evidence in investigations and trials. Tools like facial recognition systems, predictive policing algorithms, and automated forensic reports are now being used to support criminal and civil litigation. However, Indian courts are still governed …
AI-Generated Evidence and Its Admissibility in Indian Courts: A Legal Vacuum? Read More »
ABSTRACT The All India Judicial Services (AIJS) has been a contentious proposal long on discussion that seeks to meet the pervasive challenges hindering India’s lower judiciary, such as staggering vacancies, increased pendency of cases, judicial disparities in regional standards, and homogeneity. The study analyses critically the constitutional, institutional, and administrative rationales for creating a centralized …
NATIONALIZING JUSTICE: EVALUATING THE NEED FOR ALL INDIA JUDICIAL SERVICES Read More »
ABSTRACT The world of fashion has rapidly shifted towards fast fashion and has led to the disruption of the traditional textiles industries, particularly the culturally rich and heritage-driven countries like India. Known for its handloom and indigenous textile crafts, India’s local industries are now suffering severe threats from global fashion trends that imitate, mass-produce, and …
Abstract: This paper critically examines India’s Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 (DPDP Act), with a specific focus on its consent framework. While the Act aspires to empower individuals, practical obstacles such as low digital literacy, opaque algorithms, and manipulative interface design challenge meaningful implementation. This paper digs into how the DPDP Act tries to …
Abstract The regulatory landscape of corporate insolvency in India has witnessed a paradigm shift since the enactment of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC), 2016. The Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI), traditionally focused on capital markets and investor protection, has gradually evolved its role in safeguarding the interests of minority shareholders during the …
AbstractThese digital assets—cryptocurrency, cloud storage, social media handles, digital artworks, and online business accounts—have increased over time and have changed contemporary wealth and legacy. However, the majority of succession laws of the world, including Indian law, continue to be based on the physical and tangible assets; hence, digital property remains outside the purview. This paper …
ABSTRACT This paper examines the escalating issue of sexual violence in India, juxtaposed against the backdrop of legal inadequacies that hinder justice for both female victims and male accused. The primary objective is to highlight the increasing rates of sexual violence against women, compounded by significant delays in judicial proceedings that often lead to tragic …
Abstract The paper analyses the relationship of contract law doctrines- bailment, agency and indemnity in relation to designer fashion supply chains in India. It uses doctrinal research to analyse the statutory provisions as well as case law and industrial practices. It analyses the legal uncertainties in managing designer items, transfer of risk, before recommending terms …
ABSTRACT Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) is a measure of how businesses integrate environmental, social and governance practices into their operations and the overall impact and sustainability of the business model. In recent times, ESG compliance has become an essential paradigm for efficient corporate management as well as managing regulatory frameworks and stakeholders’ expectations. It …
ESG CRITERIA AND FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Read More »
Abstract In the times of the digital revolution, the traditional Indian estate planning framework is begging for a metamorphosis. This study deals with electronic wills and blockchain and their incorporation into the domain of Indian succession to make it more efficient, accessible, and secure. Electronic wills are the ones created, signed, and stored digitally as …
Revolutionizing Estate Planning in India: Electronic Wills and Blockchain Technology Read More »
INTRODUCTION Name of the Case: Jyostnamayee Mishra vs. State of Odisha and Others Citation: MANU/SC/0087/2025; AIR 2025 SC 676 Court: Supreme Court of India Decided on: 20th January 2025 Bench: Justices J.K. Maheshwari and Rajesh Bindal Case Type: Special Leave Petition (Civil) No. 13984 of 2023 Area of Law: Service Matters – Promotion under Government …
Title: Kirti & Anr. v. Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. (2021) – Supreme Court of India 1. FACTS On 12th April 2014, a tragic road accident occurred in Delhi at about 7 AM. Vinod and his wife Poonam, a young couple in their late twenties, were riding a motorcycle when they were hit by a Santro …
All India Judges Association vs Union Of India(2025) Citation: 2025 INSC 735 Date of Judgement: 19th May 2025 Bench: Chief Justice of India BR Gavai, Justice AG Masih and Justice K Vinod Chandran Petitioner: All India Judges Association and Ors. Respondent: Union of India and Ors. FACTS All India Judges Association vs Union of India …
Case Comment All India Judges Association vs Union Of India(2025) Read More »
Anjum Kadari & Anr. …Appellants Versus Union of India & Ors. …
CASE COMMENTARY Anjum Kadari & Anr. v. Union of India & Ors. Read More »
STATE OF TAMIL NADU VS STATE OF GOVERNOR (2025) CITATIONS : 2025 SCC Online SC 770; 2025 INSC 481 (India). DATE OF JUDGEMENT : 8th APRIl,2022 BENCH. : Justice J. B. Pardiwala , …
CASE TITLE STATE OF TAMIL NADU VS STATE OF GOVERNOR (2025) Read More »
Title: Vihaan Kumar V State of Haryana Facts: Vihaan Kumar, a respected entrepreneur and resident of Gurugram, Haryana, was the central figure in a case that brought to the forefront serious concerns about procedural safeguards in criminal law. Known for running a mid-sized financial consultancy firm, Vihaan was a law-abiding citizen with no prior criminal …
TASK 2: CASE COMMENTARY Vihaan Kumar V State of Haryana Read More »
Title of case: X vs Principal Secretary, Health and Welfare Department and Anr; date of judgment is 29th September (2022) 10 SCC 1 FACTS OF THE CASE The case of X v. Principal Secretary, Health and Welfare Department & Anr. Centers on the reproductive rights of an unmarried woman in India. Specifically, it addresses her …
BASED ON SECTION 4 OF THE COMPETITION ACT, 2002. ABUSE OF DOMINANT POSITION. YEAR OF JUDGMENT. 2022. INTRODUCTION. Abuse of dominant position happens when a company or group of companies that holds a strong influence over a particular market uses that power in a way that harms competition. This could include actions like blocking the …
CASE COMMENT GOOGLE LLC VS. COMPETITION COMMISSION OF INDIA (2022). Read More »
Abstract India’s march toward gender-neutral marriage rights has been an arduous one, speckled with several legal, social, and institutional inhibitions. While marriage equality has gained some momentum over the years, Indian law continues mostly to see marriage and family rights through this bi-gender, heterosexual lens. The apex court in 2023 emphatically said no to extending …
ABSTRACT The right to control one’s reproductive choices is a key part of gender equality and personal freedom, as stated in Article 21 of the Indian Constitution. The Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) Act, 1971 was a major advancement in allowing abortion under certain conditions, balancing a woman’s choice with the government’s role in protecting …
TITLE *Reproductive Rights & Legal Status of Abortion – Light of Recent SC Judgments Read More »
TO RESOLVING LEGAL DISPUTES IBRAHIM HASSAN ABSTRACT The purpose of this research paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the topic and critically analyze the overall idea to find a practical solution, rather than just weighing the pros and cons of the subject matter. We all know that when a crime occurs, it brings …
Abstract The doctrine of legitimate expectation is critical for administrative law because it ensures that the state acts in a consistent, predictable, and fair manner. When governments establish policies or make the promises that can influence decision-making by affecting the public behavior, then citizens form such expectations. Policy U-turns tend to weaken these very expectations, …
ABSTRACT The right to protest is a one of the important aspects of a vibrant democracy. It provides the various rights to the citizens of the country to defend themselves against the unfair public policies, injustices or government actions by coming together for a common cause. In the context of the recent protests like farmers …
RIGHT TO PROTEST VS PUBLIC ORDER – SC RULINGS POST-FARMERS’ AND CAA PROTESTS. Read More »
ABSTRACT Facial recognition technology (FRT )is increasingly being applied in both public & private sectors which ranges from law enforcement to identity of verification systems. However , integration into governance frameworks have shown systematic prejudices , which is particularly against transgender people. This research paper focuses on why algorithmic biasness in FRT leads to transgender …
ABSTRACT India is a country that functions upon three pillars: Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary. The judiciary acts as one of the important pillars of democratic India. Judiciary works independently, without interference from the other two. The judiciary assists in interpretation of law and doing justice to the people. Nevertheless, with the changing times, some reforms …
Title Major Overhaul in Judicial Appointment Process in the Indian Judiciary Read More »
Abstract: Cyber warfare is a term often used in media and academic discussions, although it lacks an universally agreed definition, in 2001, Alford described it as, “Any action which aimed at forcing an opponent to follow a nation’s will, by targeting them on their software systems that control the operations.” In simple words, cyber …
Cyber Warfare and Attribution: Challenges in International Law Read More »
Abstract The act of bulldozing the houses of alleged criminals without a judicial process—known popularly as “bulldozer justice”—has generated much legal and constitutional debate within India. This research article discusses the growing phenomenon of punitive demolitions by the state, largely in Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh, impacting communities marginalized by the state and bypassing …
Bulldozing Justice? A Legal Perspective on House Demolitions in India Read More »
ABSTRACT The rise of online memes in India’s digital world has made things very hard for intellectual property law, especially the Copyright Act of 1957. This research study looks at how traditional copyright laws and the changing nature of viral digital content come together in the Indian legal system. This study looks at how Indian …
ABOUT THE CASE : Case Title -Vihaan Kumar v. State of Haryana & Anr., Citation – 2025 INSC 162 Jurisdiction – Constitutional ( Writ )Jurisdiction of the Supreme Court under Article 32 Date of The Judgement -7th February 2025 Bench – Justice Abhay S. Oka and Justice N. Kotiswar Singh Petitioner – VIHAAN KUMAR Respondent …
Vihaan Kumar v. State of Haryana & Anr., 2025 INSC 162 Read More »
In the Supreme Court of India Criminal Appeal 407 of 2021 Decided on 13 April, 2021 Appellant: State of Rajasthan Respondent: Ashok Kumar Kashyap Bench: Justice D. Y. Chandrachud, Justice M. R. Shah Introduction The case State of Rajasthan vs. Ashok Kumar Kashyap is about an appeal that is filed by the State because the …
State of Rajasthan vs Ashok Kumar Kashyap (2021) Read More »
FACTS The Internet & Mobile Association of India (IMAI ), which represents several cryptocurrency exchanges & investors who filed a writ petition before the supreme court of India challenging the circular issued by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) on April 6, 2018. This circular directed all entities regulated by the RBI to refrain from …
INTERNET AND MOBILE ASSOCIATION OF INDIA v. RESERVE BANK OF INDIA (2020) Read More »
FACTSThis case involves a legal challenge to the appointment of two people, Vivek Kaisth and Akansha Dogra, as Civil Judges (Junior Division) in Himachal Pradesh. They were selected in the 2013 Himachal Pradesh Judicial Services Examination. The issue was whether their appointments were valid under the Constitution. On 1 February 2013, the Himachal Pradesh Public …
CASE COMMENTVivek Kaisth v. State of Himachal Pradesh, (2023) Read More »
CASE CITATION- 2022 SCC Online SCC 1321 CASE TYPE- SPECIAL LEAVE PETITION FACTS OF THE CASE The petitioner is a 24-year-old unmarried woman who was a resident of Manipur and approached the Delhi High Court with the request to terminate her pregnancy, which was at 24 weeks, under the Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 …
Citation: Vineeta Sharma v. Rakesh Sharma, (2020) 9 SCC 1 (India). Court: Supreme Court of India (Three-Judge Bench) Judges: Arun Mishra, S. Abdul Nazeer, and M.R. Shah, JJ. Date of Judgment: August 11, 2020 1. FACTS The case of Vineeta Sharma v Rakesh Sharma & Ors was an analysis of the right of Hindu daughters …
Case Note: Vineeta Sharma v. Rakesh Sharma & Ors. Read More »
(Special Leave Petition – Challenge to OBC Reservation in Local Authorities) FACTS OF THE CASE In the landmark case of Vikas Kishan Rao Gawali v. State of Maharashtra, multiple writ petitions were submitted before the judiciary contesting the constitutional validity of Section 12(2)(c) of the Maharashtra Zilla Parishads and Panchayat Samitis Act, 1961. The challenge …
VIKAS KISHAN RAO GAWALI Vs THE STATE OF MAHARASTRA, 2021 Read More »
Citation: (2023) SCC Online SC 1245 Court: Supreme Court of India Bench: A.S. Bopanna & P.V. Sanjay Kumar, JJ. Date of Judgment: 3 October 2023 1. FACTS • Background FIR (April 2023): • Pankaj Bansal Not Mentioned in FIR: • First ECIR – IREO Investigation: •ED Summons and Arrests in 2023: • Second ECIR Filed by ED: • Summons …
Case Commentary on Pankaj Bansal Vs. Union of India (UOI) and Ors. Read More »
Facts The M Siddiq (Deceased) Through Legal Representatives v. Mahant Suresh Das & Others (2019), widely recognized as the Ayodhya Dispute or Ram Janmabhoomi-Babri Masjid Case, concerned a 2.77-acre plot in Ayodhya, Uttar Pradesh, held sacred by Hindus as the birthplace of Lord Rama and by Muslims as the site of the Babri Masjid, a …
M Siddiq (D) THR LRS v. Mahant Suresh Das & Ors (2019) case comment Read More »
BENCH: Justice N.V. Ramana, Justice B.R. Gavai, and Justice Subhash Reddy JUDGEMENT:10 January 2020 FACTS OF THE CASE In January 2019, the Jammu and Kashmir Home Department released a warning urging tourists to shorten their stay in the state and organize for a safe return. The administration then issued directives for the state’s offices and …
CASE COMMENTARY ON ANURADHA BHASIN V UNION OF INDIA, AIR 2020 SC 1308 Read More »
Facts The medical trust, which was the appellant, bought 29 flats from buildings developed by Respondent No. 1 to provide housing for nurses employed by its hospital. However, within a few years the structure fell into disrepair, and the appellant vacated the flats in 2002. A structural report by M/s Raje Consultants discovered that reconstruction …
Lilavati Kirtilal Mehta Medical Trust vs M/S Unique Shanti Developers Read More »
Abstract One of the most debated issues in present day India is the one of citizenship. While the Articles 5 to 11 of the Citizenship Act, 1955 clearly defines who can be called a citizen in India, many controversies have come to the fore with the passing of CAA in December, 2019. Alongside this, there …
The Constitutional Validity of NRC and its implementation in Assam Read More »
Abstract: The global financial system has seen revolutionary shifts as a result of cryptocurrencies, which are driven by the development of blockchain technology. Regulators, however, face formidable obstacles as a result of this innovation, since they must strike a careful balance between promoting technology advancement and guaranteeing strong security and compliance. This study examines various …
“The legal implications of cryptocurrency regulation” Read More »
ABSTRACT India’s response to sophisticated financial crime relies heavily on the Prevention of Money-Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA) and since 2023, the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS). Both instruments grant extraordinary investigative and preventive detention powers, particularly to the Enforcement Directorate (ED). This paper interrogates whether these powers are reconcilable with the due-process guarantees embodied in the Constitution. It analyses …
ABSTRACT The explosion of hate speech episodes in India in 2024 has cast a new doctrine of constitutional thought in an exigent reconsideration. In the given article, the author investigates what extent current legal and constitutional tools could balance the rights and interests of free expression and requirement of the state to restrain hate speech …
Hate Speech Laws in India: Striking the Constitutional Balance After 2024’s Surge Read More »
Minors are increasingly participating in cyberspace as both users and criminals as a result of the growing digitization of daily life. Juvenile cybercrimes, such as identity theft, hacking, online fraud, and cyberbullying, present particular difficulties for conventional juvenile justice systems, which are sometimes unprepared to handle the nexus of child psychology and technological misbehaviour. The …
Abstract The 21st century has witnessed a sudden move in climate-induced disasters such as rising sea levels, glacier recession, extreme flooding, drought, tsunamis, and other natural calamities that have provoked a large-scale displacement across the globe. In India these phenomena have forced many people to leave their houses not due to war and conflict but …
CLIMATE REFUGEES AND THE RIGHT TO REHABILITATIVE CITIZENSHIP IN INDIA Read More »
ABSTRACT This paper analyses the new dominant section of rising homicides on a global and, mainly in the US scale since 2019 and discusses the causes of the rise in violence. Employing historical and analytic methods combining official offence statistics, academic analyses and media reports, the research finds that there are three interrelated causes of copycat …
THE RISE IN MURDERS: EXPLORING THE CAUSES OF A VIOLENT EPIDEMIC Read More »
ABSTRACT The mental health of the accused is a crucial yet often neglected aspect of the criminal justice system. Ensuring a fair trial and humane treatment for individuals suffering from mental illness is not only a legal obligation but also a moral imperative rooted in the right to life and dignity under article 21 of …
TOPIC: CRPC AND MENTAL HEALTH OF THE ACCUSED- IDENTIFYING AND ADDRESSING PROCEDURAL GAPS Read More »
Abstract: This paper aims to critically examine Muhammad Ali Jinnah’s aspirational vision for Pakistan, which is often referred to as the “Land of Ali Jinnah”, and analyse whether this dream has been realised successfully in the emergent state. While Jinnah’s leadership and strategic acumen did undeniably lead to the creation of an independent Muslim homeland, …
ABSTRACT The union of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and preventive training represent a paradigm shift in India’s criminal justice system and law enforcement methodologies. This research paper aims to examine the legal implications, criminological benefits, and regulatory challenges surrounding AI-enabled preventive training programs in India. Indian Judiciary is facing over 50 million pending cases, and law …
ABSTRACT The emerging use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is revolutionising the way art and cinematic creation is taking place. While the film industry is significantly benefitting from its capabilities, it is at the same time posed with some unprecedented challenges because of the use of AI. One challenge lies ahead of us, the people, to …
Citation: 2025 SCC OnLine SC 986 Court: Supreme Court of India Bench: Sanjiv Khanna CJI, B.R. Gavai J, P.V. Sanjay Kumar J, K.V. Vishwanathan J, A.G. Masih J Date of Judgement: April 30, 2025 As the number of cases in arbitration evolve, so does the arbitration landscape in India. Where efficiency, minimal court intervention and …
Case Comment: Gayatri Balasamy v. M/S. ISG Novasoft Technologies Limited Read More »
Abstract Alimony is a type of spouse support paid by one ex-spouse to another after the marriage has been legally dissolved. The prime aim or goal of alimony is to provide financial assistance to a spouse who is supposed to be economically disadvantaged [typically to a wife by her husband], after a divorce. It can …
The Evaluation of Alimony: From Gender Roles to Gender Equality Read More »
India’s state Governors (surface-level Centre-appointed nominal heads) have long been a contentious point of federal-state power. In principle the Governor acts mainly on “aid and advice” of the elected state government (Article 163), but some powers (e.g. bill assent to under Article 200–201) have been interpreted as discretionary. This article explores such constitutional provisions and …
1. Introduction The Supreme Court of India rendered a historic ruling in the matter of Internet and Mobile Association of India v. Reserve Bank of India, which had a substantial effect on the legal standing and regulatory framework of cryptocurrencies in the nation. The conflict began when the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) issued a …
INTERNET AND MOBILE ASSOCIATION OF INDIA V. RESERVE BANK OF INDIA (2020) 10 SCC 274) Read More »
DATE OF JUDGEMENT: 15 November, 2019 CASE NUMBER: CIVIL APPEAL NO. 8766-67 OF 2019 DIARY NO.24417 OF 2019 BENCH: V. Ramasubramanian, Surya Kant, R.F. Nariman CITATION: AIRONLINE 2019 SC 1494 INTRODUCTION The Essar Steel case was a landmark ruling by the Supreme Court of India that significantly reshaped the understanding of judicial review and clarified …
CASE NAME: Comm. of Creditors of Essar Steel India Ltd. v. Satish Kumar Gupta. Read More »
1. FACTS OF THE CASE In the case of Delhi International Airport Limited (hereinafter referred to as “DIAL”) vs. Airports Economic Regulatory Authority of India (hereinafter referred to as “AERA”), the main issues are the price authority, regulatory jurisdiction, and legal interpretation of agreements between state regulators and private airport operators. A public-private partnership model …
Facts Of The Case The appellant was initially married in 2006 and had two children from the said marriage. The marriage ended in divorce in 2017, and the custody of the two children remained with her former husband. In 2018, the appellant entered into a second marriage. She joined the government service as an English …
K. Umadevi V. Government Of Tamil Nadu & Ors. (2025 Insc 781) Read More »
Title: Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh & Others, 2024 Petitioner: Shalini Dharmani Respondents: State of Himachal Pradesh and Others Court: Supreme Court of India Date of Judgment: March 11, 2024 Citation: (2024) SCC OnLine SC 363 Bench: Justice B.V. Nagarathna and Justice Ujjal Bhuyan ABSTRACT In Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh …
CASE COMMENT Shalini Dharmani v. State of Himachal Pradesh & Others, 2024 Read More »
1: FACTS:- Mrs Deepika Singh was a nursing officer at PGIMER Chandigarh. During this time, she married Mr Amir Singh, who had two children from his previous marriage, a boy born on the date first of February 2001 and a girl who was born on the date third of March 2005. Mr Amir Singh ex-wife …
CASE COMMENT: DEEPIKA SINGH v. CENTRAL ADMINISTRATIVE TRIBUNAL(CAT)(2022) Read More »
In re: Right to Privacy of Adolescents (suo motu writ petition) Supreme Court of India Bench: Justices Abhay S. Oka & Ujjal Bhuyan Key Orders: August 20, 2024 (conviction restored) & May 23, 2025 (sentencing exercise) I. Introduction Sexual offences involving minors engage a matrix of personal dignity, societal norms, statutory standards, and the boundary between adolescence …
2.1-> Introduction………………………………………………………3 2.2-> Literature Review…………………………………………………3 2.3-> Objectives of Research……………………………………………5 2.4-> Scope and Limitations……………………………………………6 2.5-> Research Methodology……………………………………………8 2.6-> Sources of Data……………………………………………………8 3.1-> ADR framework in India………………………….……………10 3.2-> ADR framework in Singapore………………………………….12 3.3-> ADR framework in the UK……………………………………..13 3.4-> ADR framework in the USA……………………………………14 3.5-> Suggestions………………………………………………………15 3.6-> Conclusion………………………………………………………16 The evolution of the Alternative Dispute Resolution (hereinafter referred …